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Updated: Jan 5, 2026

External Cephalic Version: Is it an Effective and Safe Procedure?
Published on: June 6, 2020
Complications associated with second trimester inductions of labor requiring greater than five doses of misoprostol.
Nicole M Masse1, Kristine Kuchta2, Beth A Plunkett3
1Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, NorthShore University Health System, 2650 Ridge Avenue, Evanston, IL, USA; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Chicago, 5801 S. Ellies Avenue, Chicago, IL, USA.
Objective:
To evaluate outcomes associated with induction at 14 weeks 0 days-23 weeks 6 days gestation that require five or less vs. six or more misoprostol doses.
Study Design:
We performed a retrospective study of vaginal misoprostol inductions from January 2003 to February 2016 to assess complications based on number of misoprostol doses.
Results:
Among 390 women receiving five or fewer doses and 78 women receiving six or more doses, we found similar rates of chorioamnionitis, postpartum hemorrhage, transfusion and retained placenta.
Conclusion:
Complication rates were comparable in women receiving more than five versus less than five misoprostol doses for labor induction in the second trimester.
Implications:
Women undergoing second trimester induction undelivered after five doses of misoprostol can receive additional doses without any concern for increased complications.
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