Diagnostic challenges: low-grade adenosarcoma on deep endometriosis.

Area of Science:

• Gynecologic Oncology
• Pathology

Background:

• Müllerian adenosarcoma is a rare malignancy, primarily occurring in the uterus but also found in extrauterine locations.
• Optimal management strategies for Müllerian adenosarcoma are not well-defined due to its rarity.

Observation:

• A 44-year-old woman with a history of endometriosis presented with chronic pelvic pain.
• Imaging revealed a heterogeneous mass involving the uterus and left adnexa, initially suspected to be endometriosis.
• Surgical exploration identified an extrauterine adenosarcoma affecting the uterus, ovary, and bladder wall.

Findings:

• Extrauterine Müllerian adenosarcoma is a rare diagnosis that can mimic endometriosis.
• This case underscores the importance of considering adenosarcoma in patients with atypical presentations or preoperative pathology.

Implications:

• Accurate diagnosis and tailored surgical intervention are crucial for managing extrauterine adenosarcoma.
• Further research is needed to establish optimal treatment protocols for this rare condition.