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Related Concept Videos

Hypertension and Regulation of Blood Pressure01:18

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Hypertension, the most common cardiovascular disease, is diagnosed through repeated measurements of elevated blood pressure. Its risks, including damage to the kidney, heart, and brain, are directly proportional to blood pressure levels. Starting from 115/75 mm Hg, the risk of cardiovascular disease doubles with each increment of 20/10 mm Hg. The diagnosis relies on blood pressure measurements, not on patient symptoms, as hypertension is often asymptomatic until end-organ damage is imminent or...
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Hypertension II: Pathophysiology01:29

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Hypertension is a chronic condition in which the blood's force against artery walls is excessively high, posing risks such as heart disease. The condition's underlying mechanisms involve complex interactions among the cardiovascular, kidney, and autonomic nervous systems.Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System (RAAS): This system significantly influences blood pressure regulation. When blood pressure decreases, the kidneys secrete renin. This enzyme transforms angiotensinogen, a plasma protein,...
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Hypertension I: Introduction01:28

Hypertension I: Introduction

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Hypertension is a widespread, long-term medical condition where blood pressure in the arteries remains elevated. It is characterized by systolic blood pressure readings of 130 mm Hg or above or diastolic blood pressure (DBP) readings of 80 mm Hg or higher. Unmanaged hypertension poses significant health risks, making the distinction between primary (or essential) hypertension and secondary hypertension crucial, as their management and implications vary.Primary HypertensionPrimary hypertension,...
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Hypertension III: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Studies01:30

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Hypertension is asymptomatic and also referred to as the "silent killer" until it progresses to a severe stage or causes target organ disease. Patients may experience symptoms stemming from the strain on blood vessels and tissues in various organs or the heart's increased workload.Physical exams might show no abnormalities other than high blood pressure. Signs of vascular damage, when present, correspond to the organs supplied by the affected vessels, leading to target organ damage. For...
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Disorders of the Autonomic Nervous System01:18

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The autonomic nervous system (ANS) is an intricate network of nerves that controls functions such as the regulation of heart rate, digestion, and blood pressure regulation. When this system malfunctions, it can lead to various disorders that affect multiple bodily functions. One common feature of many autonomic disorders is the involvement of smooth blood vessels, which play a crucial role in regulating blood flow throughout the body.
Raynaud's disease, also known as Raynaud's...
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Hormonal Regulation of Blood Pressure01:17

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Endocrinal or hormonal intervention in the cardiovascular system is predominantly exerted by the catecholamines - epinephrine and norepinephrine, as well as a slew of hormones that interact with renal function to modulate blood volume.
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A Novel Method: Super-selective Adrenal Venous Sampling
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Hypertension and Acromegaly.

Soraya Puglisi1, Massimo Terzolo1

  • 1Internal Medicine 1, Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Turin, San Luigi Gonzaga Hospital, Regione Gonzole 10, Orbassano 10043, Italy.

Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinics of North America
|October 28, 2019
PubMed
Summary

Hypertension frequently complicates acromegaly, affecting about a third of patients. Early diagnosis and treatment of high blood pressure are crucial, irrespective of growth hormone control.

Keywords:
Antihypertensive treatmentBlood pressureCardiovascular complicationCardiovascular riskMortalityPathogenesisPrevalenceSleep apnea

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Area of Science:

  • Endocrinology
  • Cardiovascular Medicine
  • Internal Medicine

Background:

  • Hypertension is a common complication in acromegaly, occurring in a significant percentage of patients.
  • The exact mechanisms driving hypertension in acromegaly are not fully understood but involve fluid volume, vascular resistance, and sleep apnea.
  • The impact of normalizing growth hormone and IGF-1 levels on blood pressure remains unclear.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To summarize the prevalence and discuss the pathogenesis of hypertension in acromegaly.
  • To emphasize the importance of early hypertension diagnosis and management in acromegaly patients.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review and synthesis of existing data on hypertension in acromegaly.
  • Analysis of factors contributing to elevated blood pressure in acromegalic patients.

Main Results:

  • Hypertension is observed in a median of 33.6% of acromegaly cases.
  • Potential contributing factors include extracellular fluid expansion, increased vascular resistance, and sleep apnea syndrome.

Conclusions:

  • Early diagnosis and prompt treatment of hypertension are essential for acromegaly patients.
  • Antihypertensive management should be prioritized, independent of acromegaly treatment specifics or biochemical control levels.