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Prevalence estimates of neurodevelopmental disorders in Japan: A community sample questionnaire study

Yosuke Kita1,2, Fumiko Ashizawa3, Masumi Inagaki1

  • 1Department of Developmental Disorders, National Institute of Mental Health, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Tokyo, Japan.

Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences
|October 29, 2019
PubMed

Insights

Parent and teacher ratings show significant disagreement in diagnosing neurodevelopmental disorders in children. This highlights potential biases in previous prevalence estimates for conditions like ADHD and autism spectrum disorder.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Neurology
  • Developmental Psychology
  • Epidemiology

Background:

  • Previous prevalence estimates for neurodevelopmental disorders rely on single-rater assessments, introducing potential biases.
  • Accurate prevalence and comorbidity data are crucial for understanding the impact of these disorders and allocating resources.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To estimate the prevalence and comorbidity rates of four neurodevelopmental disorders using both parent and teacher rating scales.
  • To investigate the impact of dual-rater assessments on prevalence estimates and identify potential discrepancies.

Main Methods:

  • A community-based survey of 3852 children aged 6-9 years.
  • Utilized parent and teacher questionnaire scales to assess for attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, autism spectrum disorder, specific learning disorder, and developmental coordination disorder.
  • Calculated prevalence and comorbidity rates based on established cut-off values for each disorder.

Main Results:

  • Prevalence estimates varied significantly when assessed by parents versus teachers.
  • A notable disagreement was observed between parent and teacher rating scores.
  • The level of agreement between raters was influenced by the severity of the child's clinical condition.

Conclusions:

  • This study provides novel prevalence and comorbidity estimates based on dual-rater evaluations.
  • Findings underscore the need for multi-rater assessments to obtain more reliable estimates of neurodevelopmental disorders.
  • Discrepancies between parent and teacher ratings challenge the validity of previous single-rater-based prevalence estimates.
Abstract

Keywords:
child healthcomorbidityneurodevelopmental disordersprevalencequestionnaires

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