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Reduction of Alkenes: Asymmetric Catalytic Hydrogenation

Reduction of Alkenes: Asymmetric Catalytic Hydrogenation

Catalytic hydrogenation of alkenes is a transition-metal catalyzed reduction of the double bond using molecular hydrogen to give alkanes. The mode of hydrogen addition follows syn stereochemistry.
The metal catalyst used can be either heterogeneous or homogeneous. When hydrogenation of an alkene generates a chiral center, a pair of enantiomeric products is expected to form. However, an enantiomeric excess of one of the products can be facilitated using an enantioselective reaction or an...

Catalysis

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Reduction of Alkenes: Catalytic Hydrogenation

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Alkenes undergo reduction by the addition of molecular hydrogen to give alkanes. Because the process generally occurs in the presence of a transition-metal catalyst, the reaction is called catalytic hydrogenation.
Metals like palladium, platinum, and nickel are commonly used in their solid forms — fine powder on an inert surface. As these catalysts remain insoluble in the reaction mixture, they are referred to as heterogeneous catalysts.
The hydrogenation process takes place on the...

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Synthesis of Metal Nanoparticles Supported on Carbon Nanotube with Doped Co and N Atoms and its Catalytic Applications in Hydrogen Production

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Recent Advances in Electrocatalytic Hydrogen Evolution Using Nanoparticles.

Jing Zhu¹, Liangsheng Hu^2,3, Pengxiang Zhao¹

¹Institute of Materials , China Academy of Engineering Physics , No. 9, Huafengxincun , Jiangyou City , Sichuan Province 621908 , P. R. China.

Chemical Reviews

|October 29, 2019

Summary

This review explores advanced catalysts for the electrocatalytic hydrogen evolution reaction (HER), a key process for sustainable hydrogen fuel production. It highlights strategies to improve catalyst performance for a future hydrogen economy.

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Area of Science:

Materials Science
Electrochemistry
Renewable Energy

Background:

Hydrogen fuel is a clean, renewable energy source crucial for replacing fossil fuels.
Sustainable hydrogen generation via water electrolysis is essential for a future hydrogen economy.
The electrocatalytic hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) is a critical step in H2 production.

Purpose of the Study:

To provide a comprehensive review of state-of-the-art catalysts for HER.
To analyze the structure-activity relationships of various HER electrocatalysts.
To outline strategies and future research directions for efficient HER.

Main Methods:

Literature review of recent advances in HER catalyst research.
Systematic discussion of catalyst properties (activity, morphology, composition, synthesis).
Analysis of noble metal, non-noble metal, and metal-free electrocatalysts.

Main Results:

Detailed overview of low-cost, high-performance HER catalysts.
Insights into factors influencing catalytic activity.
Summary of strategies to enhance catalyst performance.

Conclusions:

Catalyst development is key to advancing the hydrogen economy.
Understanding structure-activity relationships is vital for designing efficient HER catalysts.
Further research is needed to overcome current challenges in HER electrocatalysis.