Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jan 5, 2026
14:55
Evaluating the Effect of Roadside Parking on a Dual-Direction Urban Street
Published on: January 20, 2023
4.1K
Landscape Pattern Changes in the Xingkai Lake Area, Northeast China
Xiaohui Liu1, Yuan Zhang2, Guihua Dong3
1Key Laboratory of Wetland Ecology and Environment, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology (IGA), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130102, China. liuxh@iga.ac.cn.
International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
|October 30, 2019
Summary
Landscape patterns in Xingkai Lake changed significantly from 1982-2015. Marshlands decreased while paddy fields expanded, leading to increased landscape fragmentation and a more dispersed pattern.
Area of Science:
- Ecological science
- Environmental monitoring
- Remote sensing applications
Background:
- Understanding landscape change is crucial for ecologically sustainable development.
- Spatiotemporal analysis of landscape patterns provides insights into environmental dynamics.
Purpose of the Study:
- To assess spatiotemporal variations in landscape patterns within the Xingkai Lake area.
- To analyze landscape changes of marshlands, paddy fields, and dry farmlands from 1982 to 2015.
Main Methods:
- Utilized remote sensing data spanning multiple years (1982, 1995, 2000, 2005, 2010, 2015).
- Analyzed landscape patterns at both class and landscape levels.
- Employed principal component analysis to examine the stability of different landscape types.
Main Results:
- Marshland areas decreased by 33.87%, while paddy fields increased 1.84-fold between 1982 and 2015.
- Significant land conversion occurred, with notable shifts between dry farmlands and paddy fields.
- Landscape fragmentation increased, indicated by a decrease in the interspersion and juxtaposition index and an increase in the number of patches.
Conclusions:
- The Xingkai Lake area experienced substantial landscape transformation, characterized by marshland decline and agricultural expansion.
- Dry farmlands showed greater relative change compared to paddy fields post-2000.
- Marshlands demonstrated higher stability than agricultural landscapes, with increasing landscape fragmentation observed over the study period.
Related Concept Videos
01:17Design Example: Analyzing Capacity Contours for Flood Risk Assessment
265
Flood risk assessment involves careful planning and analysis to ensure the safety of communities near water retention structures. Capacity contours are a vital tool in this process, as they illustrate the potential spread of water at specific levels in a given area. In the context of building a bund across a small valley, these contours play a critical role in evaluating the safety of nearby residential areas.In this example, the bund is intended to store stormwater in the valley. The engineers...
265
01:19Design Example: Maintaining Level of an Embankment
362
Constructing a roadway embankment over uneven terrain requires precise leveling to ensure stability and proper drainage. Surveyors use a leveling instrument and staff to calculate ground elevations and determine the required fill material at each point along the embankment alignment.The process begins by positioning a leveling instrument near a benchmark with a known elevation. A backsight reading establishes the instrument height, which serves as a reference for subsequent measurements. A...
362
01:29Plotting of Topographic Maps
396
Topographic maps represent the Earth's surface features using contour lines, which connect points of equal elevation to create a two-dimensional representation of three-dimensional terrain. Creating a topographic map requires a systematic approach.Begin by plotting a scaled grid and marking intersections corresponding to the survey's elevation data points. Assign elevation values at these intersections to build the base map. Next, determine contour levels using a consistent contour interval,...
396
01:23Plane Potential Flows
810
Plane potential flows simplify fluid motion by assuming the fluid to be irrotational and incompressible. These characteristics allow these flows to be described by a velocity potential function, ϕ, representing the flow speed in a given direction, and a stream function, ψ, that visualizes the flow path, both governed by Laplace's equation. These parameters help in estimating flow patterns, velocity distributions, and pressure fields around various hydraulic structures.
Uniform...
Uniform...
810
01:27Design Example: Design of an Irrigation Channel
712
Trapezoidal channels are widely used in irrigation systems due to their cost-effectiveness and efficiency in conveying water. Trapezoidal channels feature a flat bottom and sloping sides, making them stable and easier to construct compared to other shapes. The bottom width and side slope ratio are determined based on the required flow capacity and site conditions. The side slope is kept gentle for unlined channels to prevent soil erosion.Hydraulic parameters in channel design include the flow...
712
01:29Gradually Varying Flow
365
Gradually varying flow (GVF) in open channels describes situations where water depth changes slowly along the channel due to factors like non-uniform bed slope, channel shape variations, or obstructions. This flow type occurs when the depth adjusts gradually to balance gravitational forces, shear forces, and energy requirements, resulting in a low rate of depth change.Characteristics of Gradually Varying FlowGVF is commonly observed in natural streams, rivers, and canals, where flow depth...
365