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Impact of tracheostomy on language and cognitive development in infants with severe bronchopulmonary dysplasia

Betsy Cammack1, Janelle Noel-MacDonnell2, Alain Cuna1

  • 1Children's Mercy-Kansas City and the University of Missouri-Kansas City School of Medicine, Kansas City, MO, 64110, USA.

Journal of Perinatology : Official Journal of the California Perinatal Association
|October 30, 2019
PubMed

Insights

Tracheostomy does not impact language or cognitive development in infants with severe bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD). Insurance status, however, influenced these developmental outcomes in the study.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Pulmonology
  • Developmental Pediatrics
  • Neonatology

Background:

  • Severe bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) often necessitates medical interventions.
  • The effect of tracheostomy on neurodevelopment in infants with severe BPD remains unclear.
  • Understanding developmental trajectories is crucial for managing infants with complex respiratory conditions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the independent impact of tracheostomy on language and cognitive development in infants with severe BPD.
  • To compare developmental outcomes between infants with and without tracheostomy.
  • To identify factors influencing development in this vulnerable population.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective cohort study utilizing de-identified data.
  • Inclusion criteria: infants with severe BPD, tracheostomy before age 2.
  • Primary outcomes: language and cognitive scores at 2-3 years using Bayley Scales (3rd Ed.).

Main Results:

  • Analyzed 26 infants with tracheostomies and 28 without.
  • No significant differences in total language or cognitive scores were observed between groups.
  • Insurance status demonstrated a significant effect on language and cognitive development, independent of tracheostomy status.

Conclusions:

  • Tracheostomy does not appear to independently affect language or cognitive development in infants with severe BPD.
  • Healthcare access and insurance status may play a more significant role in developmental outcomes.
  • Further research is needed to explore socioeconomic factors influencing development in BPD.
Abstract

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