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Disseminated Emergomyces pasteurianus Infection in India: A Case Report and a Review

Malini R Capoor1, Neelangi Mishra2, Sachin Kolte3

  • 1Department of Microbiology, Vardhman Mahavir Medical College (VMMC) and Safdarjung Hospital, New Delhi, India. rajeevmalini@rediffmail.com.

Mycopathologia
|October 30, 2019
PubMed

Insights

A case of disseminated Emergomyces pasteurianus infection in an AIDS patient from India is described. Early diagnosis and treatment with amphotericin B and itraconazole led to a positive patient response.

Area of Science:

  • Medical Mycology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • AIDS Research

Background:

  • Disseminated fungal infections pose a significant threat, particularly in immunocompromised individuals.
  • Emergomyces pasteurianus is an emerging fungal pathogen causing opportunistic infections.
  • Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection severely compromises the immune system, increasing susceptibility to fungal diseases.

Observation:

  • A patient with Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS) presented with unexplained weight loss, dyspnoea, and multiple skin lesions.
  • Lesions were non-tender and appeared over the face, neck, and chest over three months.
  • Fungal elements were observed in skin biopsies, breast nodules, bone marrow, and sputum samples.

Findings:

  • Microscopy, histopathology, and fungal culture confirmed Emergomyces pasteurianus infection.
  • Molecular identification using rDNA ITS, beta-tubulin, actin, and intein PRP8 sequencing verified the species.
  • The patient showed a favorable response to intravenous amphotericin B deoxycholate followed by oral itraconazole.

Implications:

  • This case highlights the importance of considering E. pasteurianus in disseminated fungal infections in AIDS patients.
  • Accurate and timely diagnosis through combined methods is crucial for effective management.
  • Successful treatment with standard antifungal agents suggests potential therapeutic strategies for similar cases.
Keywords:
Disseminated infectionEmergomycesHIV

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