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Bacterial involvement in denture-induced stomatitis.

A S Koopmans1, N Kippuw, J de Graaff

  • 1Academic Center for Dentistry (ACTA), Department of Prosthetic Dentistry, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.

Journal of Dental Research
|September 1, 1988
PubMed
Summary

Denture-induced stomatitis (DIS) is linked to altered oral microflora. Specifically, DIS patients show fewer cocci on dentures but more anaerobic bacteria on dentures and palates compared to healthy individuals.

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Area of Science:

  • Oral microbiology
  • Dental prosthetics
  • Infectious diseases

Background:

  • Denture-induced stomatitis (DIS) is a common condition affecting full-denture wearers.
  • The oral microflora composition on dentures and the denture-bearing mucosa plays a crucial role in oral health.
  • Understanding microbial differences between healthy and DIS patients is essential for targeted interventions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare the predominant bacterial and yeast flora on dentures and palates between individuals with and without denture-induced stomatitis (DIS).
  • To identify specific microbial shifts associated with DIS.

Main Methods:

  • Sample collection from dentures and palates of eight full-denture wearers (four with DIS, four healthy controls).
  • Microbiological cultures performed for proportional identification of bacteria and yeasts to the species level.

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  • Analysis of predominant microbial flora composition, focusing on Gram-positive bacteria, cocci, and anaerobic bacteria.

    • Main Results:

    • Predominant microflora in both groups consisted mainly of Gram-positive bacteria.
    • Denture plaque in the DIS group had significantly lower proportions of cocci (33%) compared to the control group (69%).
    • Obligate anaerobic bacteria were more prevalent in the DIS group on both dentures (56%) and palates (43%) compared to controls (35% and 31%, respectively).
    • Candida species were found in low numbers in both groups.
    • Streptococcus species, particularly S. salivarius, were predominant on palates.

    Conclusions:

    • Significant differences in the proportions of cocci and obligate anaerobic bacteria exist between denture wearers with and without DIS.
    • These microbial alterations on dentures and palates may contribute to the pathogenesis of denture-induced stomatitis.
    • Further research into the specific roles of these microbial shifts is warranted.