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Related Experiment Videos

Ajla Mujcic1,2, Matthijs Blankers1,3,4, Jeroen Bommelé1

  • 1Trimbos Institute, Netherlands Institute of Mental Health and Addiction, Utrecht, The Netherlands.

Psycho-Oncology
|October 31, 2019
PubMed
Summary

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This summary is machine-generated.

Distance-based interventions effectively support smoking cessation in cancer survivors. Single-behavior interventions show greater success than multi-behavior approaches for smoking cessation, with no proven benefit for alcohol moderation interventions.

Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Behavioral Science
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Cancer survivors often face challenges with smoking and alcohol use, impacting treatment outcomes and long-term health.
  • Distance-based interventions offer accessible support for behavior change in this population.
  • Evidence for the effectiveness of these interventions, particularly distinguishing between single and multi-behavior approaches, requires synthesis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the effectiveness of distance-based interventions for smoking cessation (SC) and alcohol moderation (AM) in cancer survivors.
  • To compare the efficacy of multi-behavior interventions versus single-behavior interventions for SC or AM.

Main Methods:

  • A systematic literature search was performed across multiple databases (PubMed, PsycINFO, Web of Science, EMBASE, CINAHL, Cochrane).
Keywords:
alcoholcancercancer survivorseffectivenessinterventionsmeta-analysisoncologysmoking cessation

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  • Included studies were intervention trials with or without control groups and randomized controlled trials.
  • Random effects meta-analyses and meta-regression were used to assess SC and AM rates and compare intervention types.
  • Main Results:

    • Distance-based SC interventions significantly increased cessation rates compared to controls (OR = 1.56).
    • Single-behavior SC interventions were effective in reducing smoking rates compared to baseline (RD = 0.29).
    • Multi-behavior interventions did not show significant effects for SC, and insufficient evidence existed for distance-based AM interventions.

    Conclusions:

    • Distance-based interventions are effective for supporting smoking cessation in cancer survivors.
    • Single-behavior interventions appear more effective for smoking cessation than multi-behavior interventions in this population.
    • Current evidence does not support the effectiveness of distance-based alcohol moderation interventions for cancer survivors.