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Schema in older adults: does the schema mode model apply?

Katelyn Phillips1, Robert Brockman2, Phoebe E Bailey3

  • 1Discipline of Clinical Psychology, Graduate School of Health, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW, Australia and Centre for Developmental Psychiatry and Psychology, Department of Psychiatry, School of Clinical Sciences at Monash Health, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia.

Behavioural and Cognitive Psychotherapy
|November 1, 2019
PubMed
Summary

Schema theory in older adults shows maladaptive child modes increase psychopathology and unmet needs. A healthy adult mode, however, supports needs satisfaction and reduces psychological distress.

Keywords:
basic psychological needsolder adultsschema modesschema theoryschema therapy

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Area of Science:

  • Psychology
  • Clinical Psychology
  • Gerontology

Background:

  • Schema theory is well-established for psychopathology in younger adults.
  • Research on schema theory in older adults and personality disorders is limited.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To examine schema modes' relationship with psychopathology in older adults.
  • To determine if maladaptive schema modes correlate with unmet psychological needs.
  • To investigate if the healthy adult mode mediates this association.

Main Methods:

  • 104 older adults recruited; 94 included in analysis.
  • Utilized Young-Atkinson Mode Inventory (YAMI) for schema modes.
  • Assessed basic psychological needs (autonomy, competence, relatedness) using BPNS.

Main Results:

  • Healthy adult schema mode linked to lower psychopathology.
  • Maladaptive child modes (angry, vulnerable) associated with higher psychopathology.
  • Healthy adult mode mediated the link between maladaptive child modes and needs satisfaction.

Conclusions:

  • Confirms schema theory predictions in older adults.
  • Maladaptive child modes hinder needs satisfaction.
  • Healthy adult mode facilitates needs satisfaction, mitigating psychopathology.