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Related Concept Videos

Solubility of Ionic Compounds02:55

Solubility of Ionic Compounds

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Solubility is the measure of the maximum amount of solute that can be dissolved in a given quantity of solvent at a given temperature and pressure. Solubility is usually measured in molarity (M) or moles per liter (mol/L). A compound is termed soluble if it dissolves in water.
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Solubility03:00

Solubility

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Solution, Solubility, and Solubility Equilibrium
A solution is a homogeneous mixture composed of a solvent, the major component, and a solute, the minor component. The physical state of a solution—solid, liquid, or gas—is typically the same as that of the solvent. Solute concentrations are often described with qualitative terms such as dilute (of relatively low concentration) and concentrated (of relatively high concentration).
In a solution, the solute particles (molecules,...
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Factors Affecting Solubility04:01

Factors Affecting Solubility

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Compared with pure water, the solubility of an ionic compound is less in aqueous solutions containing a common ion (one also produced by dissolution of the ionic compound). This is an example of a phenomenon known as the common ion effect, which is a consequence of the law of mass action that may be explained using Le Chȃtelier’s principle. Consider the dissolution of silver iodide:
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Solubility Equilibria03:07

Solubility Equilibria

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Solubility equilibria are established when the dissolution and precipitation of a solute species occur at equal rates. These equilibria underlie many natural and technological processes, ranging from tooth decay to water purification. An understanding of the factors affecting compound solubility is, therefore, essential to the effective management of these processes. This section applies previously introduced equilibrium concepts and tools to systems involving dissolution and precipitation.
The...
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Solubility Equilibria: Overview01:09

Solubility Equilibria: Overview

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When a substance such as sodium chloride is added to water, it dissolves, forming an aqueous solution. The extent of dissolution is called solubility. The process of dissolution can exist in equilibrium, just like other chemical processes. Solubility equilibria are also called precipitation equilibria because the process of solubility can be reversible. The reverse of the solubility process is called precipitation.
Solubility is important in biological and environmental processes. A notable...
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Expressing Solution Concentration02:48

Expressing Solution Concentration

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A solute is a component of a solution that is typically present at a much lower concentration than the solvent. Solute concentrations are often described with qualitative terms such as dilute (of relatively low concentration) and concentrated (of relatively high concentration).
Concentrations may be quantitatively assessed using a wide variety of measurement units, each convenient for particular applications. Molarity (M) is a useful concentration unit for many applications in chemistry.
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Metal-silicate Partitioning at High Pressure and Temperature: Experimental Methods and a Protocol to Suppress Highly Siderophile Element Inclusions
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Data of the maximum solid solubility limits of binary systems of elements.

R Goodall1

  • 1Department of Materials Science & Engineering, The University of Sheffield, United Kingdom.

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This study compiles maximum equilibrium solubility data for the first 83 elements, crucial for understanding elemental compatibility in alloys and materials science. These findings aid in alloy design and solid-state physics research.

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Solid-State Physics
  • Chemistry

Background:

  • Understanding elemental interactions is key to alloy development.
  • Data on solid solubility limits are essential for materials design.
  • Previous compilations may lack comprehensive coverage of early periodic table elements.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide a comprehensive dataset of maximum equilibrium solubility limits for elements H through Bi.
  • To express solubility in atomic percentage (at%) for terminal solid solutions.
  • To facilitate research in solid-state physics, materials science, and alloy design.

Main Methods:

  • Compilation of existing experimental data on elemental solubility.
  • Focus on maximum equilibrium solubility values.
  • Consideration of solubility at temperatures where the solvent's room-temperature phase is stable.

Main Results:

  • Presentation of maximum equilibrium solid solubility data for the first 83 elements (H to Bi) in binary systems.
  • Data expressed in atomic percentage (at%) for terminal solid solutions.
  • Identification of elemental compatibility across a wide range of the periodic table.

Conclusions:

  • The compiled data serve as a valuable resource for fundamental solid-state physics research.
  • The data are critical for interpreting phase structures in materials research.
  • This dataset supports the rational design of new alloys and materials with specific elemental compositions.