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Nomenclature of Carboxylic Acid Derivatives: Amides and Nitriles01:11

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Naming Amides
The IUPAC and common names of amides are derived from the parent carboxylic acid, by replacing the suffix “oic acid” and “ic acid,” respectively, with “amide.” In the following example, the IUPAC name ethanamide is derived from ethanoic acid, and the common name, acetamide, is obtained from acetic acid.
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Neutral hydrocarbons like cyclopentadiene with an odd number of carbon atoms and one intervening CH2 group in the ring are not aromatic. Cyclopentadiene with 4 π electrons does not satisfy the 4n + 2 π electron rule. Additionally, the intervening CH2 group is sp3 hybridized and lacks a vacant p orbital, thereby interrupting the overlap of p orbitals in a continuous manner and preventing the delocalization of π electrons throughout the ring.
Due to the absence of continuous...
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Benzene is the simplest aromatic hydrocarbon or arene. The IUPAC names for simple monosubstituted benzene derivatives are derived by adding the substituent's name as a prefix to the parent benzene. For example, halobenzene, where the halogen could be fluoro (F), chloro (Cl), bromo (Br), and iodo (I).
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Cycloheptatriene is a neutral monocyclic unsaturated hydrocarbon that consists of an odd number of carbon atoms and an intervening sp3 carbon in the ring. The three double bonds in the ring correspond to 6 π electrons, which is a Huckel number, and therefore satisfies the criteria of 4n + 2 π electrons. However, the intervening sp3 carbon disrupts the continuous overlap of p orbitals. As a result, cycloheptatriene is not aromatic.
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Alkynes are unsaturated hydrocarbons characterized by the presence of carbon-carbon triple bonds and have a general formula CnH2n-2. The nomenclature of alkynes follows a set of rules similar to alkanes and alkenes; however, alkynes bear the suffix "-yne" instead of "-ane" or "-ene." There are two approaches to naming alkynes:
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Structure of Carboxylic Acid Derivatives
Carboxylic acid derivatives contain an acyl group attached to a heteroatom such as chlorine, oxygen, or nitrogen. The carbonyl carbon and oxygen are both sp2-hybridized with an unhybridized p orbital.
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Structural data of phenanthrene-9,10-dicarbonitriles.

Anastasiia M Afanasenko1,2, Alexander S Novikov1, Tatiana G Chulkova1

  • 1Saint Petersburg State University, 7/9 Universitetskaya Nab., Saint Petersburg, 199034, Russia.

Data in Brief
|November 1, 2019
PubMed
Summary

This data article provides single-crystal X-ray diffraction (XRD) data for phenanthrene-9,10-dicarbonitriles. The data details critical bond lengths and angles for these organic molecules.

Keywords:
Aromatic stacking interactionsNon-covalent interactionsPhenanthrene-9,10-dicarbonitrilesSingle-crystal X-ray diffraction

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Area of Science:

  • Crystallography
  • Organic Chemistry
  • Materials Science

Background:

  • Phenanthrene-9,10-dicarbonitriles are organic compounds with interesting photophysical properties.
  • Previous studies have explored structure-property relationships in these materials.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To present comprehensive single-crystal X-ray diffraction (XRD) data for phenanthrene-9,10-dicarbonitriles.
  • To provide foundational crystallographic data for further research into these compounds.

Main Methods:

  • Single-crystal X-ray diffraction (XRD) was employed to collect structural data.
  • Analysis of intra- and intermolecular bond lengths and angles was performed.

Main Results:

  • Detailed single-crystal XRD data for phenanthrene-9,10-dicarbonitriles are presented.
  • Specific intra- and intermolecular bond lengths and angles were determined.

Conclusions:

  • The presented XRD data serve as a valuable resource for understanding the solid-state structure of phenanthrene-9,10-dicarbonitriles.
  • This data can aid in the design and synthesis of new materials with tailored properties.