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Related Concept Videos

Tumor Immunotherapy01:27

Tumor Immunotherapy

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Immunotherapy is a treatment that boosts or manipulates the immune system to fight diseases, including cancer. For instance, by stimulating an immune response through vaccinations against viruses that cause cancers, like hepatitis B virus and human papillomavirus, these diseases can be prevented. Nonetheless, some cancer cells can avoid the immune system due to their rapid mutation and division. The immune response to many cancers involves three phases: elimination, equilibrium, and escape.
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Cancer Therapies02:49

Cancer Therapies

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Cancer therapies are various modes of treatment, such as surgery, radiation therapy, and chemotherapy that are administered to cancer patients.
However, cancer treatments can pose several challenges, as therapies used to kill cancer cells are generally also toxic to normal cells. Moreover, cancer cells mutate rapidly and can develop resistance to chemical agents or radiation therapy. Besides, all types of cancer cells may not respond to the same therapy. Some cancer cells respond to one...
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Combination Therapies and Personalized Medicine02:50

Combination Therapies and Personalized Medicine

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Combining two or more treatment methods increases the life span of cancer patients while reducing damage to vital organs or tissue from the overuse of a single treatment. Combination therapy also targets different cancer-inducing pathways, thus reducing the chances of developing resistance to treatment.
The combination of the drug acetazolamide and sulforaphane is a good example of combination therapy to treat cancer. The cells in the interior of a large tumor often die due to the hypoxic and...
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Targeted Cancer Therapies02:57

Targeted Cancer Therapies

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The targeted cancer therapies, also known as “molecular targeted therapies,” take advantage of the molecular and genetic differences between the cancer cells and the normal cells. It needs a thorough understanding of the cancer cells to develop drugs that can target specific molecular aspects that drive the growth, progression, and spread of cancer cells without affecting the growth and survival of other normal cells in the body.
There are several types of targeted therapies against...
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Cancer Vaccines01:30

Cancer Vaccines

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Cancer treatment vaccines are a rapidly evolving field that offers a promising approach to immunotherapy. Unlike traditional vaccines that prevent diseases, cancer treatment vaccines are designed to treat existing cancers by stimulating the immune system to recognize and attack cancer cells.
Cancer vaccines come in two categories: preventive (prophylactic) and treatment (active). Preventive vaccines, such as the Human Papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine, protect against viruses that cause certain...
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Treatment Resistant Cancers02:56

Treatment Resistant Cancers

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Cancer is the second leading cause of death in the United States. A cancer cell is genetically unstable and hence can mutate faster. They can also modify their microenvironment and escape immune surveillance. The difficulties in treating cancer are further compounded by the emergence of rapid resistance to anticancer drugs. The most common ways to attain resistance in cancer cells include alteration in drug transport and metabolism, modification of drug target, elevated DNA damage response, or...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 4, 2026

Intramucosal Inoculation of Squamous Cell Carcinoma Cells in Mice for Tumor Immune Profiling and Treatment Response Assessment
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Immunotherapy and Radiation: Charting a Path Forward Together.

Vishwajith Sridharan1, Jonathan D Schoenfeld2

  • 1Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, 75 Fruit Street, Boston, MA 02114, USA.

Hematology/Oncology Clinics of North America
|November 1, 2019
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Combining immunotherapy and radiation therapy shows promise in preclinical studies, leading to clinical trials. Further research is needed to confirm safety and efficacy, especially with new immunotherapy drugs.

Keywords:
AbscopalClinical trialsImmune checkpointImmunotherapyPD-1Radiation therapy

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Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Immunology
  • Radiation Oncology

Background:

  • Preclinical research indicates synergy between immunotherapy and radiation therapy.
  • Radiation therapy can modify the tumor microenvironment and enhance anti-tumor immunity.
  • Clinical translation of this combination therapy is ongoing.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the preclinical rationale for combining immunotherapy and radiation therapy.
  • To discuss the potential benefits and risks of this combination in clinical settings.
  • To highlight the importance of radiation parameters and quality in future trials.

Main Methods:

  • Review of preclinical data on immunotherapy and radiation therapy combinations.
  • Analysis of existing clinical trial data regarding safety and tolerability.
  • Discussion of factors influencing treatment outcomes.

Main Results:

  • Preclinical studies suggest a synergistic effect between immunotherapy and radiation therapy.
  • Clinical data indicate that the combination is generally well-tolerated.
  • Further investigation is required to fully understand risks and optimize treatment.

Conclusions:

  • The combination of immunotherapy and radiation therapy holds significant promise.
  • Continued clinical evaluation is essential to establish safety, efficacy, and optimal use.
  • High-quality radiation delivery is crucial for successful clinical trials.