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Essential trace elements and progression and management of HIV infection
Keneil K Shah1, Rebeka Verma1, James M Oleske2
1Department of Medicine, University of Maryland Medical Center, Baltimore, MD.
Nutrition Research (New York, N.Y.)
|November 1, 2019
Summary
Trace minerals like chromium, iron, selenium, and zinc impact HIV progression and treatment. While copper may prevent transmission, more research is needed to confirm the roles of other trace minerals and micronutrient supplementation in managing HIV.
Area of Science:
- Nutrition Science
- Infectious Diseases
- Medical Research
Background:
- Previous reviews highlighted the importance of micronutrients in HIV.
- Updated research is needed to reflect recent findings on trace minerals and HIV management.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review studies from the last 11 years on trace mineral deficiencies and supplementation in HIV.
- To examine interactions between Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy (HAART) and micronutrient status.
Main Methods:
- Literature search of OVID Medline database.
- Focused on essential trace minerals and their impact on HIV infection and progression.
- Included studies on HAART and micronutrient interactions.
Main Results:
- Chromium, iron, selenium, and zinc influence HIV progression or treatment.
- Copper may inhibit HIV transmission via breastfeeding.
- Limited evidence exists for fluoride, iodine, manganese, or molybdenum in HIV.
- HAART can alter serum trace mineral and vitamin levels, varying by medication.
Conclusions:
- Trace minerals play a role in HIV management, but evidence for some is lacking.
- HAART affects micronutrient status, necessitating further investigation.
- Larger studies are required to establish definitive roles for trace minerals and supplementation in HIV care.
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