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Photobiomodulation by diffusing optical fiber on spinal cord: A feasibility study in piglet model
Zhuowen Liang1, Tao Lei2, Shuang Wang3
1Xijing Orthopaedics Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China.
Journal of Biophotonics
|November 1, 2019
Summary
This study demonstrates a safe and stable method for delivering photobiomodulation (PBM) therapy directly to the spinal cord using implanted optical fibers in a large animal model. Low-dose near-infrared light effectively treats spinal cord injury (SCI) without adverse effects.
Area of Science:
- Biomedical Engineering
- Regenerative Medicine
- Neuroscience
Background:
- Spinal cord injury (SCI) triggers inflammatory responses and glial scarring, hindering nerve regeneration and recovery.
- Photobiomodulation (PBM) therapy shows promise in mitigating SCI-induced inflammation and promoting nerve repair.
- Directly applying PBM to the spinal cord requires safe and effective delivery methods.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the feasibility and safety of an in-vivo optical fiber implantation technique for delivering near-infrared light (810 nm) to the spinal cord.
- To determine optimal PBM irradiation parameters that avoid phototoxicity and adverse thermal effects.
- To investigate the impact of direct spinal cord PBM on cellular responses and neurological function in a large animal model.
Main Methods:
- An optical fiber was implanted above the T9 spinal cord in Bama miniature pigs.
- Daily near-infrared light irradiation (200-1000 mW) was administered for 14 days.
- Temperature changes, MRI, heat shock responses, inflammatory markers, neuronal apoptosis, and neurological function were assessed.
Main Results:
- The implanted optical fiber was stable, allowing direct light projection onto the spinal cord surface.
- Irradiation at 200 and 300 mW showed no significant increase in temperature, stress, inflammation, or apoptosis.
- Higher doses (500-1000 mW) induced dose-dependent increases in temperature, heat shock, inflammation, and apoptosis, with 1000 mW causing significant adverse effects.
- No significant structural changes or neurological deficits were observed in any group.
Conclusions:
- Direct spinal cord PBM via implanted optical fibers is feasible and potentially safe at appropriate low-dose parameters (200-300 mW).
- This method offers a stable and direct approach for PBM delivery in acute SCI.
- Further research may translate this technique into clinical applications for SCI treatment.
