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Fetal Circulation

Fetal Circulation

Fetal circulation is a unique system that facilitates the exchange of gases, nutrients, and waste products between the developing fetus and the mother. This intricate process takes place through a special organ called the placenta.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 6, 2026

Model Surgical Training: Skills Acquisition in Fetoscopic Laser Photocoagulation of Monochorionic Diamniotic Twin Placenta Using Realistic Simulators

Model Surgical Training: Skills Acquisition in Fetoscopic Laser Photocoagulation of Monochorionic Diamniotic Twin Placenta Using Realistic Simulators

Published on: March 21, 2018

Simulation-based fetal shunting training.

Nisarat Phithakwatchara¹, Katika Nawapun¹, Sommai Viboonchart¹

¹Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Bangkok, Thailand.

Prenatal Diagnosis

|November 1, 2019

Summary

This study developed a fetal shunting simulation model, finding 47 procedures are needed to achieve competency. This training enhances technical performance and procedural efficiency in fetal medicine.

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Area of Science:

Medical Simulation
Surgical Education
Fetal Medicine

Background:

Fetal shunting procedures require specialized training.
Assessing the learning curve for new surgical techniques is crucial for effective skill acquisition.

Purpose of the Study:

To develop and validate a simulation model for fetal shunting.
To determine the learning curve and number of procedures required to achieve competency in fetal shunting.

Main Methods:

A fetal shunting simulation model using a fetal bladder stent was developed.
Staff and trainees performed procedures, with competency assessed via learning curve-cumulative summation (LC-CUSUM) and CUSUM analysis.
Model validity was evaluated using established evidence sources.

Main Results:

The simulation model was validated as a constructive educational tool.
An average of 47 procedures were required to reach competency, with an overall success rate of 94.2%.
Procedural time decreased post-competency, with no significant difference between staff and trainees in the control phase.

Conclusions:

The simulation model effectively establishes a benchmark of 47 procedures for fetal shunting competency.
Training with this model is expected to improve technical performance in fetal procedures.
The model provides a reliable method for assessing and developing skills in fetal shunting.