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Sexual Functioning in Pregnant Women.

Anna Fuchs1,2, Iwona Czech3,4, Jerzy Sikora5,6

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Pregnancy impacts sexual function, with dysfunction noted in the second and third trimesters. Married women and those in their second trimester reported higher sexual activity and function.

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Area of Science:

  • Obstetrics and Gynecology
  • Sexual Health
  • Psychosocial Health

Background:

  • Sexual activity during pregnancy is influenced by a complex interplay of emotional, psychosocial, hormonal, and anatomical factors.
  • These factors contribute to significant variations in sexual experiences across different trimesters of pregnancy.
  • Understanding these dynamics is crucial for providing comprehensive prenatal care.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate and quantify changes in women's sexual activity and function throughout each trimester of pregnancy.
  • To identify specific factors associated with sexual function during gestation.
  • To assess the prevalence of sexual dysfunction during pregnancy.

Main Methods:

  • A cohort of 624 pregnant women completed a questionnaire three times, once per trimester.
  • The survey included socio-demographic, obstetric, and medical history details.
  • The Polish version of the Female Sexual Function Index (FSFI) questionnaire was used to assess sexual function.

Main Results:

  • Clinically relevant sexual dysfunction was observed in the second (mean FSFI 25.9 ± 8.7) and third (mean FSFI 22.7 ± 8.7) trimesters (p < 0.01).
  • Women reported their highest sexual activity during the second trimester.
  • Married women and those with higher education reported better sexual function, while women with vocational education had the lowest FSFI scores.

Conclusions:

  • Sexual function significantly declines during the second and third trimesters of pregnancy, indicating a need for clinical attention.
  • Marital status and educational background are associated with sexual function during pregnancy.
  • Further research should explore targeted interventions to support sexual well-being throughout gestation.