Clinical Evaluation and Preventative Care in Donkeys.

Area of Science:

• Veterinary Medicine
• Comparative Physiology
• Animal Welfare Science

Background:

• Donkeys share many physiological similarities with horses, suggesting similar clinical evaluation and preventative care approaches.
• However, donkeys possess unique desert-adapted physiology that necessitates species-specific considerations.
• Commonly utilized as pack animals, companions, or for production, donkeys often live into old age, increasing the likelihood of chronic or age-related health issues.

Purpose of the Study:

• To highlight the importance of species-specific knowledge for donkeys in clinical practice.
• To emphasize the need for tailored preventative care strategies in donkeys.
• To improve the recognition and management of diseases in donkeys, thereby enhancing their welfare.

Main Methods:

• Review of existing literature on donkey physiology and health.
• Comparison of clinical guidelines for horses and donkeys.
• Identification of key areas for specialized knowledge in donkey medicine.

Main Results:

• Diseases in donkeys frequently present late or are overlooked, negatively impacting welfare.
• Donkeys' desert-adapted physiology influences their nutritional requirements and physiological parameters.
• A foundational understanding of donkey-specific nutrition, blood values, pharmacology, and disease recognition is crucial.

Conclusions:

• Veterinarians require enhanced knowledge of donkey-specific physiology and medicine to provide optimal care.
• Implementing tailored preventative strategies can mitigate common health issues in donkeys.
• Improved disease recognition and management are essential for enhancing the quality of life and welfare of donkeys, particularly older animals.