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Sanitation sustainability assessment frameworks lack consistent definitions and indicators, hindering effective evaluation of sanitation systems. Improving these frameworks is crucial for better decision-making and global sanitation goals.

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Area of Science:

  • Environmental Science
  • Public Health
  • Sustainable Development

Background:

  • Numerous sanitation sustainability assessment frameworks exist, aiming to improve safe sanitation services, particularly in resource-limited settings.
  • Despite framework development, many remain unused, and high sanitation system failure rates persist globally.
  • Understanding framework definitions, measurement indicators, and their effectiveness is vital for achieving sustainable development goals in sanitation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analyze and evaluate existing sanitation sustainability assessment frameworks.
  • To identify commonalities and discrepancies in framework definitions and indicators.
  • To assess the advantages and disadvantages of different frameworks in evaluating sanitation system success and failure.

Main Methods:

  • A subset of sanitation sustainability assessment frameworks was reviewed.
  • Frameworks were applied to evaluate both successful and failed community sanitation systems in India.
  • Analysis focused on framework definitions, core indicators, data collection guidance, and differentiation capabilities between system outcomes.

Main Results:

  • Evaluated frameworks lacked a shared definition of sanitation sustainability and a core set of essential indicators.
  • Many indicators lacked clear definitions and guidance for data collection and analysis.
  • Framework effectiveness in differentiating successful from failed sanitation systems varied significantly.

Conclusions:

  • Improvements are needed, including indicator pilot testing, context-specific weightings, and project-specific framework selection.
  • Clarifying and enhancing assessment frameworks can improve their effectiveness and adoption.
  • Enhanced frameworks can lead to better decision-making, improving public health, environmental quality, economic viability, and sanitation acceptance.