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Severe memory impairment with acute overdose lithium toxicity. A case report.

S Saxena1, P Mallikarjuna

  • 1Department of Psychiatry, All-India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi.

The British Journal of Psychiatry : the Journal of Mental Science
|June 1, 1988
PubMed
Summary
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Acute lithium toxicity in a young patient caused severe memory loss, even after haemodialysis treatment. While memory improved over time, some impairment persisted two months post-overdose, highlighting potential long-term cognitive effects.

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Toxicology
  • Clinical Medicine

Background:

  • Lithium is a common mood stabilizer prescribed for bipolar disorder.
  • Acute overdose of lithium can lead to severe toxicity, affecting multiple organ systems.
  • Neurotoxicity is a known complication of lithium intoxication.

Observation:

  • A young patient presented with acute lithium toxicity following an overdose.
  • The patient developed significant memory impairment despite undergoing haemodialysis.
  • Neurological deficits, particularly in memory, were observed post-treatment.

Findings:

  • Severe memory impairment was a prominent symptom of acute lithium toxicity.
  • Haemodialysis, a standard treatment, did not fully prevent cognitive deficits.

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  • Residual memory impairment persisted for at least two months after the overdose event.

    • Implications:

    • This case underscores the potential for lasting cognitive sequelae from acute lithium overdose.
    • It suggests that current treatment protocols may not entirely mitigate neurotoxic effects.
    • Further research is warranted to understand and prevent long-term memory impairment in lithium toxicity.