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Related Experiment Videos

Calendar calculating in 'idiots savants': how do they do it?

M J Howe1, J Smith

  • 1Department of Psychology, University of Exeter, UK.

British Journal of Psychology (London, England : 1953)
|August 1, 1988
PubMed
Summary

Some individuals with intellectual disabilities excel at complex calendar date calculations without formal algorithms. Their self-taught skills rely on extensive calendar knowledge, often visualized, and a deep interest in calendars.

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Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Neuroscience
  • Special Education

Background:

  • Certain individuals with intellectual disabilities demonstrate extraordinary calendar calculation abilities.
  • These skills are often acquired independently, bypassing conventional algorithmic methods.

Observation:

  • Investigated individuals exhibit unique knowledge retention of calendar structures, possibly as visual imagery.
  • Performance is directly correlated with the depth and nature of their calendar knowledge.
  • Errors frequently stem from gaps in knowledge regarding specific historical periods.

Findings:

  • Self-taught calendar calculators possess specialized knowledge, often visualized.
  • Social withdrawal and intense focus on calendars characterize these individuals.

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  • A strong intrinsic interest in calendars is common among the most proficient calculators.

    • Implications:

    • Challenges traditional models of learning and algorithmic problem-solving.
    • Suggests alternative pathways for cognitive skill development in individuals with intellectual disabilities.
    • Highlights the potential of specialized interests to drive exceptional cognitive performance.