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Green algae, also referred to as chlorophytes, are different from red algae in having the chloroplasts containing chlorophylls a and b, which give them their distinct green hue. However, they lack phycobiliproteins, preventing them from developing the red or blue-green pigmentation seen in red algae. In terms of photosynthetic pigment composition, green algae closely resemble plants and share a close evolutionary relationship with them. Taxonomically Green algae belong to Phylum Chlorophyta in...
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The group Stramenopiles include some phototrophic microorganisms. Members of this group possess flagella covered in numerous short, hairlike extensions, a feature that inspired the group's name, derived from the Latin words for "straw" and "hair." Some of the main categories of Stramenopiles include diatoms, golden algae, and brown algae.Diatoms are unicellular, photosynthetic eukaryotes, with over 200 known genera. They play a key role in the planktonic communities of both marine and...
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The kingdom Archaeplastida encompasses red and green algae, along with land plants. Unlike other protists with chloroplasts that arose through secondary endosymbiosis, only red and green algae originated from primary endosymbiotic events. This diverse group of eukaryotic organisms contains chlorophyll and performs oxygenic photosynthesis.Algae exist in various forms, from large brown kelp in coastal waters to green scum in puddles and stains on rocks or soil. Some species are responsible for...
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Red Algae01:23

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Red algae, also known as rhodophytes, are primarily found in marine environments, though some species inhabit freshwater and terrestrial ecosystems. These organisms exist in both unicellular and multicellular forms, with some multicellular varieties reaching macroscopic sizes.As phototrophic organisms, red algae contain chlorophyll a; however, their chloroplasts lack chlorophyll b. Instead, they possess phycobiliproteins, which serve as major light-harvesting pigments, similar to those found in...
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Microorganisms play a pivotal role in maintaining ecosystem balance by recycling essential elements such as carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus, as well as supporting processes like bioremediation, wastewater treatment, and biofuel production.Microbes in Elemental CyclesIn the carbon cycle, microorganisms decompose organic matter, releasing carbon dioxide via aerobic respiration. This carbon dioxide is subsequently used by photosynthetic organisms to synthesize organic compounds, closing the...
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Microalgae for biofuel production.

D James Gilmour1

  • 1Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom.

Advances in Applied Microbiology
|November 4, 2019
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Microalgae show promise for sustainable biofuel production, overcoming earlier challenges in biomass productivity and harvesting. Research since 2007 focuses on optimizing lipid synthesis for efficient biodiesel conversion.

Keywords:
BiodieselBiofuelBiorefineryGenetic manipulationMicroalgaeMixotrophyPhotosynthetic efficiencyTriacylglycerol

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Area of Science:

  • Biotechnology
  • Renewable Energy
  • Environmental Science

Background:

  • Microalgae commercial applications date back to the 1950s-1960s for food and wastewater treatment.
  • Early biofuel attempts faced challenges with biomass productivity and harvesting, identified during the 1970s oil crisis.
  • Renewed interest in microalgae for carbon-neutral biofuels emerged around 2007 due to global warming concerns.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review key microalgal biotechnology research prior to 2007.
  • To examine research trends in microalgae biofuel production post-2007.
  • To emphasize the focus on neutral lipid synthesis for biodiesel.

Main Methods:

  • Historical review of microalgal biotechnology research.
  • Analysis of scientific publications from 2007 onwards.
  • Focus on neutral lipid (triacylglycerol) accumulation and biodiesel precursors.

Main Results:

  • Biomass productivity and harvesting were identified as major hurdles for large-scale microalgal biofuel production.
  • Post-2007 research significantly advanced understanding of microalgal lipid synthesis.
  • Neutral lipids are a primary focus for biodiesel production from microalgae.

Conclusions:

  • Microalgae hold potential as a sustainable source for biofuels.
  • Overcoming challenges in productivity and harvesting remains critical for commercial viability.
  • Continued research into lipid optimization is essential for efficient microalgal biodiesel production.