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The Bogert Effect and environmental heterogeneity.

Michael L Logan1,2,3, Jenna van Berkel4, Susana Clusella-Trullas4

  • 1University of Nevada, Reno, Reno, USA. mike.logan1983@gmail.com.

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Behavioral flexibility can hinder evolution by reducing environmental exposure, but this "Bogert Effect" depends on environmental conditions. Other traits may still evolve when environments are stable.

Keywords:
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Area of Science:

  • Evolutionary Biology
  • Behavioral Ecology
  • Physiology

Background:

  • The Bogert Effect posits that behavioral flexibility can impede evolutionary change by buffering organisms from environmental selection.
  • Behavioral thermoregulation, a common example, can maintain invariant body temperatures across varying environments, potentially limiting trait divergence.
  • The influence of the Bogert Effect may vary with the degree of environmental heterogeneity.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the impact of differing climatic regimes on thermoregulatory behavior and trait evolution in two populations of the southern rock agama (Agama atra).
  • To test the hypothesis that behavioral thermoregulation prevents divergence in some traits while allowing others to evolve.

Main Methods:

  • Comparison of environmental temperatures, thermoregulatory behaviors, and physiological/morphological traits between two Agama atra populations in South Africa.
  • Analysis of thermal sensitivity of resting metabolic rate and morphological differences.
  • Assessment of trait divergence under varying environmental heterogeneity.

Main Results:

  • Both populations exhibited efficient thermoregulatory behavior, maintaining preferred body temperatures.
  • Significant differences were observed in the thermal sensitivity of resting metabolic rate and in morphology between the populations.
  • Field-active body temperature showed less divergence, consistent with behavioral buffering during heterogeneous conditions.

Conclusions:

  • Thermoregulatory behavior can prevent divergence in traits like field-active body temperature, particularly under high environmental heterogeneity.
  • Other traits can diverge if under selection during periods of environmental homogeneity, suggesting the Bogert Effect's impact is trait- and condition-dependent.
  • The significance of the Bogert Effect is contingent on the nature of environmental heterogeneity.