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Staggered Nitinol Wire Actuator Array for High Linear Displacement and Force-to-Mass Ratio.

Katelyn Conrad¹, James Choca², Steven Lathers¹

¹School of Biological and Health Systems Engineering, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287-9709.

Critical Reviews in Biomedical Engineering

|November 4, 2019

Summary

Researchers developed a novel Nitinol (NiTi) actuator using a staggered wire array. This design achieves high linear displacement and force, showing promise for lightweight prosthetic applications.

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Area of Science:

Materials Science
Mechanical Engineering
Biomedical Engineering

Background:

Development of lightweight, high-performance actuators is crucial for advanced prosthetics.
Nitinol (NiTi) shape memory alloys offer unique properties for actuation but require optimized designs for high strain and force.
Existing actuators often face limitations in achieving both high displacement and force-to-mass ratios.

Purpose of the Study:

To design and evaluate a novel Nitinol (NiTi) actuator array for high linear displacement and force generation.
To investigate the relationship between the number of staggered NiTi wires and achievable strain levels.
To determine the force-to-mass ratio of the developed actuator system.

Main Methods:

A unique staggered linear array configuration of Nitinol (NiTi) wires was designed.
Joule heating was employed to induce phase change and linear displacement in the NiTi wires.
Strain levels were measured for arrays with three to seven staggered NiTi wires.
Force generated by the actuator was measured and compared to its mass to calculate the force-to-mass ratio.

Main Results:

The NiTi actuator design achieved strain levels of 20.4%, comparable to biological muscles.
Increasing the number of staggered wires (three to seven) demonstrated varying strain capabilities.
The actuator system exhibited an effective force-to-mass ratio exceeding 5500 with a seven-wire array.

Conclusions:

A lightweight, high-strain actuator utilizing a staggered Nitinol (NiTi) wire array has been successfully developed.
The design demonstrates significant potential for applications requiring high linear displacement and force generation.
This research highlights the actuator's suitability for use in advanced prosthetic systems.