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Updated: Jan 4, 2026

In vivo Interrogation of Central Nervous System Translatome by Polyribosome Fractionation

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Published on: April 30, 2014

Extracellular RNA in Central Nervous System Pathologies.

Katharina Tielking¹, Silvia Fischer², Klaus T Preissner²

¹Department of Neurosurgery, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany.

Frontiers in Molecular Neuroscience

|November 5, 2019

Summary

Extracellular RNA (exRNA) plays a key role in cell communication and disease. This review explores exRNA

Keywords:

CNS pathologies brain metastasis cerebral occlusive diseases extracellular RNA extracellular vesicles glioblastoma multiforme multiple sclerosis neuroinflammation

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Area of Science:

Molecular Biology
Cell Biology
Immunology

Background:

Extracellular RNA (exRNA) encompasses diverse RNA species released from cells.
exRNA can be free, protein-bound, or vesicle-associated (microvesicles, exosomes, apoptotic bodies).
Ribosomal exRNA (rexRNA) acts as a proinflammatory and prothrombotic alarmin, contributing to innate immunity and cardiovascular pathologies.

Purpose of the Study:

To review the entities of exRNA and their roles in central nervous system (CNS) pathologies.
To discuss the potential of exRNAs as diagnostic markers for CNS diseases.
To outline treatment strategies targeting exRNA inhibition or interference.

Main Methods:

Literature review of studies on exRNA composition, function, and roles in disease.
Analysis of exRNA involvement in CNS tumors, vascular pathologies, and neuroinflammatory diseases.
Exploration of exRNA as a diagnostic biomarker and therapeutic target.

Main Results:

exRNA, particularly rexRNA, promotes inflammation and contributes to cardiovascular diseases.
Various exRNA species are implicated in CNS pathologies, though precise roles require further elucidation.
exRNAs show potential as diagnostic markers and therapeutic targets for CNS disorders.

Conclusions:

exRNA is crucial in cell communication and various pathologies, including CNS diseases.
Further research is needed to fully understand exRNA's role in CNS disorders.
Targeting exRNA presents promising avenues for diagnostics and therapeutics in CNS diseases.