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A Study on Hepatitis B Viral Seromarkers and Associated Risk Factors among the Patients Suffering from Acute and

P Prabina1, S Jayanthi1, C Krishna Murthy1

  • 1Department of Microbiology, Chettinad Academy of Research and Education, Kelambakkam, Tamil Nadu, India.

International Journal of Applied & Basic Medical Research
|November 5, 2019
PubMed

Insights

This study differentiates acute and chronic Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infections using serological markers in HBsAg-positive patients. Chronic HBV infection was more prevalent, with alcohol identified as a key risk factor.

Area of Science:

  • Hepatology
  • Virology
  • Clinical Diagnostics

Background:

  • Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is a leading cause of hepatitis, potentially leading to severe liver conditions like cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma.
  • Accurate differentiation between acute and chronic HBV infection is crucial for appropriate patient management and treatment strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To distinguish between acute and chronic Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection in patients who are positive for Hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg).
  • To analyze the prevalence of HBV serological markers in acute versus chronic HBV infections.

Main Methods:

  • Blood samples from 87 HBsAg-seropositive patients were analyzed over six months.
  • Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) was used to screen for HBsAg, HBeAg, anti-HBc total, anti-HBc IgM, and anti-HBs.
  • Demographic data and risk factors, including alcohol consumption, were collected via a structured questionnaire.

Main Results:

  • Out of 87 HBsAg-positive patients, 24 had acute HBV and 63 had chronic HBV infection.
  • Acute HBV cases showed positivity for HBsAg, anti-HBc total, and anti-HBc IgM, with HBeAg detected in 62.5%.
  • Chronic HBV cases were positive for HBsAg and anti-HBc total, with HBeAg found in 44.4%; alcohol consumption was a significant risk factor.

Conclusions:

  • Serological marker profiles effectively differentiate acute from chronic HBV infections.
  • Further research with larger sample sizes and detailed high-risk behavior analysis is recommended to enhance awareness of HBV transmission associations.
Abstract

Keywords:
Acute hepatitis B virus infectionchronic hepatitis B infectionhepatitis B virusserological markers

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