Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Somatosensory, Motor, and Association Cortex01:24

Somatosensory, Motor, and Association Cortex

2.1K
The somatosensory cortex in the parietal lobes is crucial for interpreting sensory data such as touch, temperature, and proprioception. The somatosensory cortex, situated in the parietal lobes, plays a vital role in interpreting sensory information like touch, temperature, and proprioception—awareness of body position. This specialized brain region features an organized structure wherein neurons at the top primarily process sensations originating from the lower body. In contrast, those at...
2.1K
Role of Cerebellum and Prefrontal Cortex in Memory01:14

Role of Cerebellum and Prefrontal Cortex in Memory

942
The cerebellum, while traditionally associated with motor control, also plays a crucial role in memory, particularly in procedural memory, which involves learning motor tasks that become automatic through repetition. For example, studies have shown that when the cerebellum is damaged, individuals or animals lose the ability to learn conditioned motor responses, such as the conditioned eye-blink response in classical conditioning experiments with rabbits. This study demonstrates the...
942
Motor and Sensory Areas of the Cortex01:14

Motor and Sensory Areas of the Cortex

6.7K
The cerebral cortex, the brain's outermost layer, is pivotal in processing complex cognitive tasks, emotions, and various sensory inputs and executing voluntary motor activities. This intricate structure is divided into three primary functional areas: the motor areas, sensory areas, and association areas.
Motor Areas
The motor areas located in the frontal lobe are central to controlling voluntary movements. This region is further subdivided into the primary motor cortex and the premotor cortex....
6.7K
Information Processing Approach01:30

Information Processing Approach

454
The information-processing theory of cognitive development centers on fundamental mental processes, including attention, memory, and problem-solving skills. Researchers in this field examine how cognitive abilities, such as working memory, evolve and influence children's overall development. Studies indicate that children with stronger working memory tend to excel in reading comprehension, math, and problem-solving compared to peers with less efficient memory skills. Low working memory is...
454
Hierarchy of Motor Control01:18

Hierarchy of Motor Control

5.8K
The hierarchy of motor control refers to the different levels of organization and processing involved in controlling movement in the body. These levels range from higher cortical areas involved in planning and decision-making to lower spinal cord reflexes that respond automatically to external stimuli.
5.8K
Organization of the Brain01:30

Organization of the Brain

2.2K
The brain is an integral component of the nervous system and serves as the center for processing sensory inputs, making decisions, and directing bodily actions. This complex organ is organized into three primary sections: the hindbrain, midbrain, and forebrain, each responsible for a range of vital functions.
Hindbrain
The hindbrain, located at the base of the brain, plays a vital role in regulating automatic processes that sustain life. It includes the medulla oblongata, which is essential for...
2.2K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

AI-Discovered Cognitive Models Reveal Novel Insights into Human and Animal Learning.

bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology·2026
Same author

Developmental Change in Structure Learning Reflects a Shift From Recency-Based to Relational Prediction.

Developmental science·2026
Same author

Planning in the Brain: It's Not What You Think It Is.

Annual review of neuroscience·2026
Same author

Enhanced word learning and neural synchrony during children's storytelling.

NPJ science of learning·2026
Same author

Hybrid neural-cognitive models reveal how memory shapes human reward learning.

Nature human behaviour·2026
Same author

Corrigendum to "The effect of gaze contingencies on infants' looking preference" [Cognition 270 (2026) 106417].

Cognition·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 4, 2026

Infant Auditory Processing and Event-related Brain Oscillations
06:34

Infant Auditory Processing and Event-related Brain Oscillations

Published on: July 1, 2015

16.9K

A Computational Role for Top-Down Modulation from Frontal Cortex in Infancy.

Sagi Jaffe-Dax1, Alex M Boldin1, Nathaniel D Daw1

  • 1Princeton University.

Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience
|November 5, 2019
PubMed
Summary

Preterm infants show impaired top-down sensory prediction compared to full-term infants. This study reveals differences in prediction error tracking in sensory regions, highlighting the impact of premature birth on infant brain development.

More Related Videos

A Novel Experimental and Analytical Approach to the Multimodal Neural Decoding of Intent During Social Interaction in Freely-behaving Human Infants
11:14

A Novel Experimental and Analytical Approach to the Multimodal Neural Decoding of Intent During Social Interaction in Freely-behaving Human Infants

Published on: October 4, 2015

11.4K
Non-Invasive Modulation and Robotic Mapping of Motor Cortex in the Developing Brain
08:26

Non-Invasive Modulation and Robotic Mapping of Motor Cortex in the Developing Brain

Published on: July 1, 2019

7.0K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jan 4, 2026

Infant Auditory Processing and Event-related Brain Oscillations
06:34

Infant Auditory Processing and Event-related Brain Oscillations

Published on: July 1, 2015

16.9K
A Novel Experimental and Analytical Approach to the Multimodal Neural Decoding of Intent During Social Interaction in Freely-behaving Human Infants
11:14

A Novel Experimental and Analytical Approach to the Multimodal Neural Decoding of Intent During Social Interaction in Freely-behaving Human Infants

Published on: October 4, 2015

11.4K
Non-Invasive Modulation and Robotic Mapping of Motor Cortex in the Developing Brain
08:26

Non-Invasive Modulation and Robotic Mapping of Motor Cortex in the Developing Brain

Published on: July 1, 2019

7.0K

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Developmental Psychology
  • Computational Neuroscience

Background:

  • Full-term infants utilize top-down sensory prediction for learning.
  • Premature birth can disrupt these predictive processes.
  • Understanding the neural basis of these predictions is crucial for early intervention.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the neuroanatomical origins of top-down sensory prediction in infants.
  • To determine the computational nature of prediction error signals.
  • To compare these mechanisms in full-term and preterm infants.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized an associative learning model with probabilistic audiovisual stimuli.
  • Employed neuroimaging techniques to compare brain activity in full-term and preterm infants.
  • Applied computational learning models to analyze prediction error tracking.

Main Results:

  • Both full-term and preterm infants exhibited comparable stimulus-related responses in sensory and frontal lobes.
  • Both groups successfully tracked prediction errors in their frontal lobes.
  • Preterm infants demonstrated weaker tracking of prediction errors in sensory regions compared to full-term infants.

Conclusions:

  • Top-down signals from the frontal lobe to sensory regions convey prediction error information in infants.
  • Premature birth impacts the neural pathways involved in sensory prediction error processing.
  • This research elucidates the computational content of top-down signals during associative learning in early development.