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Oxidative Stress and Inflammation Interdependence in Multiple Sclerosis.

Rodica Padureanu1, Carmen Valeria Albu2, Radu Razvan Mititelu3

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In stable multiple sclerosis (MS), increased neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio (NLR) indicates inflammation and reduced antioxidant capacity, even with low disability. This oxidative stress may worsen outcomes and disease progression.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroimmunology
  • Clinical Chemistry

Background:

  • Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is a chronic inflammatory demyelinating disease of the central nervous system.
  • Oxidative stress and inflammation are implicated in MS pathogenesis and progression.
  • Early detection of inflammatory status in stable MS patients with low disability is crucial.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the oxidative status and inflammatory markers in peripheral blood of stable relapsing-remitting MS patients with low disability.
  • To correlate oxidative stress markers with inflammatory markers like neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio (NLR).

Main Methods:

  • Analyzed peripheral blood samples from 16 relapsing-remitting MS patients (low disability) and 15 healthy controls.
  • Measured oxidative stress markers: Thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) and protein carbonyl level (PCO).
  • Assessed total antioxidant capacity (TAC) and inflammatory markers: neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR).

Main Results:

  • Increased neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio (NLR) was observed in MS patients, indicating a pro-inflammatory status.
  • Higher NLR correlated with decreased total antioxidant capacity (TAC), even in early disease stages.
  • Elevated oxidative stress markers were associated with inflammation in stable MS patients.

Conclusions:

  • Neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio (NLR) is a reliable indicator of the pro-inflammatory status in relapsing-remitting MS.
  • Reduced antioxidant capacity is linked to increased inflammation and NLR in early MS.
  • Oxidative stress exacerbates functional outcomes, potentiates neuronal damage, and may accelerate MS progression.