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Speckle-based strain sensing in multimode fiber.

Matthew J Murray, Allen Davis, Clay Kirkendall

    Optics Express
    |November 6, 2019
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    This study demonstrates quantitative strain sensing using multimode fiber (MMF). By analyzing Rayleigh backscattered speckle patterns, MMF sensors offer a linear response, immunity to signal fading, and enhanced performance for fiber optic sensing applications.

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    Area of Science:

    • Fiber optics
    • Optical sensing
    • Materials science

    Background:

    • Multimode fiber (MMF) enables diverse imaging and sensing applications.
    • Rayleigh backscattering in optical fibers is a known sensing mechanism.
    • Single-mode fiber (SMF) based Rayleigh sensors have limitations in quantitative strain measurement and signal fading.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To demonstrate quantitative strain sensing using the spatial mode diversity in MMF.
    • To leverage Rayleigh backscattered speckle patterns for strain measurement.
    • To overcome limitations of SMF-based sensors, such as signal fading and lack of quantitative strain information.

    Main Methods:

    • Utilizing the amplitude of Rayleigh backscattered speckle patterns in MMF.
    • Tracking the evolution of the backscattered speckle pattern to extract strain information.
    • Exploiting the multiple spatial modes within MMF for enhanced sensing capabilities.

    Main Results:

    • A linear strain response was achieved by analyzing MMF speckle patterns.
    • The MMF sensor demonstrated immunity to signal fading.
    • The sensor achieved a noise floor of 2.9 pɛ/√Hz, a dynamic range of 74 dB at 1 kHz, and a bandwidth of 20 kHz.

    Conclusions:

    • MMF can be effectively used for quantitative strain sensing.
    • This approach offers advantages over SMF sensors, including lower noise and avoidance of signal fading.
    • The developed sensor design is simplified and offers enhanced performance, paving the way for new fiber optic sensors.