Philip De la Cour (1710-1785), a Jewish Physician in eighteenth-century London and Bath

Portugal exiled its Jews in 1497. In 1536, the Portuguese Inquisition began to persecute Jews who continued to practice their religion in secret. It became difficult for the secret Jews to leave Portugal, but small communities of emigres grew up around Europe, especially in London, Amsterdam and Salonica (Thessaloniki), and beyond. As the Portuguese Inquisition became more active in the early decades of the eighteenth-century, Jews, who had been accustomed to practising their religion in secret, while outwardly conforming to Catholicism, were again sought out for persecution. Philip De la Cour's parents escaped from Portugal and arrived in London around 1707 and his eventful life in London and Bath illustrates many of the aspects of eighteenth-century Jewish medical life.