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Effects of Hyaluronic Acid on Stability of Bleomycin Foam
Hao Zhang1,2, Yu-Tong Song1,2, Han-Shu Zhang1,2
1Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Qilu Hospital and Institute of Stomatology, Shandong University, Jinan, China.
Background:
Bleomycin (BLM) foam sclerotherapy is effective in the treatment of venous malformations (VMs). Foam stability is influenced by factors such as sclerosant concentration, viscosity, and liquid-gas ratio.
Objective:
To investigate whether hyaluronic acid (HA) could increase the stability of BLM foam and to evaluate the safety and efficacy of HA-BLM foam.
Materials And Methods:
Experiment: BLM 6.0 IU + human serum albumin (HSA, 2, 1.95, 1.90, and 1.85 mL, respectively) + 1% HA (0, 0.05, 0.10, and 0.15 mL, respectively) + air 6 mL to create foam using the Tessari method. The foam half-life (FHL) was used to evaluate foam stability. Clinical study: Twenty-eight patients with head and neck VMs were enrolled between June 2018 and August 2019 treated by HA-BLM foam to evaluate the safety and efficacy.
Results:
The FHL of the BLM foam was 8.46, 8.95, 10.45, and 14.51 minutes, respectively. All patients achieved significant efficacy, and no obvious side effects were observed.
Conclusion:
Addition of HA could improve the stability of BLM foam.
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