Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Mechanism of Angiogenesis01:10

Mechanism of Angiogenesis

6.6K
Blood vessel formation starts early during embryonic development, around day 7. In the extraembryonic yolk sac, mesodermal precursor cells called hemangioblast proliferate and differentiate into angioblast. Angioblasts express vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 or VEGFR2, which binds VEGF-A, a proangiogenic factor, guiding blood vessel formation. VEGF signaling promotes angioblasts to form a blood island in the developing embryo. Angioblasts further differentiate, giving rise to...
6.6K
Regulation of Angiogenesis and Blood Supply01:24

Regulation of Angiogenesis and Blood Supply

3.3K
Rapidly dividing tumors, embryos, and wounded tissues require more oxygen than usual, lowering the oxygen concentration in the blood. At low oxygen or hypoxic conditions, an oxygen-sensitive transcription factor called the hypoxia-inducible factor 1 or HIF1 is activated. HIF1 is a dimeric protein of alpha (ɑ) and beta (β) subunits.  Under optimal oxygen conditions, HIF1β is present in the nucleus while HIF1ɑ remains in the cytosol. HIF1ɑ is hydroxylated by prolyl...
3.3K
The Tumor Microenvironment02:17

The Tumor Microenvironment

7.6K
Every normal cell or tissue is embedded in a complex local environment called stroma, consisting of different cell types, a basal membrane, and blood vessels. As normal cells mutate and develop into cancer cells, their local environment also changes to allow cancer progression. The tumor microenvironment (TME) consists of a complex cellular matrix of stromal cells and the developing tumor. The cross-talk between cancer cells and surrounding stromal cells is critical to disrupt normal tissue...
7.6K
Cancer02:18

Cancer

53.3K
Cancers arise due to mutations in genes involved in the regulation of cell division, which leads to unrestricted cell proliferation. Modern science and medicine have made great strides in the understanding and treatment of cancer, including eradicating cancer in some patients. However, there is still no cure for cancer. This is largely due to the fact that cancer is a large group of many diseases.
53.3K
Adaptive Mechanisms in Cancer Cells02:53

Adaptive Mechanisms in Cancer Cells

6.8K
Cancer cells accumulate genetic changes at an abnormally rapid rate due to the defects in the DNA repair mechanisms. From an evolutionary perspective, such genetic instability is advantageous for cancer development. Mutant cell lines accumulate a series of beneficial mutations that contribute to their progression into cancer.
Some of the advantages that cancer cells have on normal cells include - enhanced ability to divide without terminally differentiating, induce new blood vessel formation,...
6.8K
Tumor Progression02:07

Tumor Progression

7.2K
Tumor progression is a phenomenon where the pre-formed tumor acquires successive mutations to become clinically more aggressive and malignant. In the 1950s, Foulds first described the stepwise progression of cancer cells through successive stages.
Colon cancer is one of the best-documented examples of tumor progression. Early mutation in the APC gene in colon cells causes a small growth on the colon wall called a polyp. With time, this polyp grows into a benign, pre-cancerous tumor. Further...
7.2K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

CD93-An emerging vascular target in cancer therapy.

British journal of pharmacology·2026
Same author

Endothelial cell-released CD93 contributes to podocyte injury in idiopathic nephrotic syndrome.

Science translational medicine·2026
Same author

Protocol for generation of endothelial cells from human-derived iPSCs and integration into mouse brain explants.

STAR protocols·2025
Same author

Shaping Tumor Microenvironment by Amplifying the Complement Cascade for Improved Immune Response in Pancreatic Cancer Model.

Molecular cancer therapeutics·2025
Same author

Keeping Wnt in check for efficient checkpoint blockade in glioblastoma.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·2025
Same author

Gene Expression Pattern Associated with Cytoskeletal Remodeling in Lipid-Loaded Human Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells: Crosstalk Between C3 Complement and the Focal Adhesion Protein Paxillin.

Cells·2025

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 4, 2026

Monitoring Functionality and Morphology of Vasculature Recruited by Factors Secreted by Fast-growing Tumor-generating Cells
09:03

Monitoring Functionality and Morphology of Vasculature Recruited by Factors Secreted by Fast-growing Tumor-generating Cells

Published on: November 23, 2014

10.0K

Tumor angiogenesis: causes, consequences, challenges and opportunities.

Roberta Lugano1, Mohanraj Ramachandran1, Anna Dimberg2

  • 1The Rudbeck Laboratory, Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, 75185, Uppsala, Sweden.

Cellular and Molecular Life Sciences : CMLS
|November 7, 2019
PubMed
Summary

Tumor vascularization is complex, varying by cancer type and location. Current anti-angiogenic therapies show modest benefits due to tumor heterogeneity and resistance, highlighting challenges in vascular targeting.

Keywords:
AngiogenesisAnti-angiogenic therapyCancerEndothelialVEGFVascular targeting

More Related Videos

Isolation and Culture Expansion of Tumor-specific Endothelial Cells
10:15

Isolation and Culture Expansion of Tumor-specific Endothelial Cells

Published on: October 14, 2015

11.6K
Author Spotlight: Investigating Angiogenesis and Vessel Permeability Through a Modified Matrix Gel Plug Assay
09:03

Author Spotlight: Investigating Angiogenesis and Vessel Permeability Through a Modified Matrix Gel Plug Assay

Published on: June 30, 2023

1.5K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jan 4, 2026

Monitoring Functionality and Morphology of Vasculature Recruited by Factors Secreted by Fast-growing Tumor-generating Cells
09:03

Monitoring Functionality and Morphology of Vasculature Recruited by Factors Secreted by Fast-growing Tumor-generating Cells

Published on: November 23, 2014

10.0K
Isolation and Culture Expansion of Tumor-specific Endothelial Cells
10:15

Isolation and Culture Expansion of Tumor-specific Endothelial Cells

Published on: October 14, 2015

11.6K
Author Spotlight: Investigating Angiogenesis and Vessel Permeability Through a Modified Matrix Gel Plug Assay
09:03

Author Spotlight: Investigating Angiogenesis and Vessel Permeability Through a Modified Matrix Gel Plug Assay

Published on: June 30, 2023

1.5K

Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Cancer Research

Background:

  • Tumor vascularization involves diverse biological processes, influenced by secreted factors and signaling pathways.
  • These processes can include non-endothelial cells like progenitors and cancer stem cells.
  • Approved anti-angiogenic therapies (antibodies, tyrosine kinase inhibitors) have shown limited success, with patients experiencing resistance or no response.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To summarize current understanding of cellular and molecular mechanisms in tumor angiogenesis.
  • To discuss the challenges and opportunities in targeting tumor vasculature.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on tumor angiogenesis.
  • Analysis of cellular and molecular mechanisms driving tumor vascularization.
  • Discussion of therapeutic strategies and their limitations.

Main Results:

  • Tumor vascularization mechanisms are heterogeneous across tumor types, locations, and even within a single tumor.
  • Tumor vessel functionality and gene expression differ significantly between cancer subtypes.
  • Therapeutic resistance and lack of response are common issues with current anti-angiogenic treatments.

Conclusions:

  • Targeting tumor vasculature is complex due to inherent heterogeneity and adaptive resistance mechanisms.
  • Further research into the intricate cellular and molecular pathways of tumor angiogenesis is crucial.
  • Novel strategies are needed to overcome challenges and improve the efficacy of vascular targeting therapies in cancer treatment.