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Inflammation in myocardial disease: From myocarditis to dilated cardiomyopathy

Kyoko Imanaka-Yoshida1,2

  • 1Department of Pathology and Matrix Biology, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, Mie, Japan.

Pathology International
|November 7, 2019
PubMed

Insights

Viral infections can lead to dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) through inflammation. This review explores the role of inflammation in DCM, covering its pathophysiology, diagnosis, and treatment.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Immunology
  • Pathophysiology

Background:

  • Dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) is characterized by left ventricular dilatation and dysfunction.
  • A viral infection leading to myocarditis is a hypothesized cause of DCM.
  • Inflammation is increasingly recognized in the pathogenesis of heart failure.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the pathophysiology of myocardial inflammation in DCM.
  • To discuss diagnostic approaches for inflammatory cardiomyopathies.
  • To outline treatment strategies for DCM related to inflammation.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on viral myocarditis and DCM.
  • Analysis of studies using endomyocardial biopsy to diagnose myocarditis.
  • Examination of experimental models of autoimmune mechanisms in DCM.

Main Results:

  • Endomyocardial biopsies show myocardial inflammation in DCM patients.
  • Viral infections can trigger cell-mediated autoimmune responses leading to DCM.
  • Inflammation plays a significant role in the progression of heart failure.

Conclusions:

  • Inflammation is a key factor in the development of DCM.
  • Understanding inflammatory pathways is crucial for diagnosing and treating DCM.
  • Terms like inflammatory cardiomyopathy and inflammatory DCM reflect the role of inflammation.

Keywords:
dilated cardiomyopathyendomyocardial biopsyheart failureinflammationmyocarditis

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