Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jan 4, 2026
09:34
Implementation of Portable Emissions Measurement Systems PEMS for the Real-driving Emissions RDE Regulation in Europe
Published on: December 4, 2016
28.7K
Intermediate-Volatility Organic Compound Emissions from Nonroad Construction Machinery under Different Operation
Lijuan Qi1,2, Huan Liu1,2, Xiu'e Shen3
1State Key Joint Laboratory of ESPC, School of Environment , Tsinghua University , Beijing 100084 , China.
Environmental Science & Technology
|November 7, 2019
Summary
Intermediate-volatility organic compounds (IVOCs) from nonroad construction machineries are significant contributors to secondary organic aerosol (SOA) formation. Idling modes produced substantially higher IVOC emissions, impacting urban air quality.
Area of Science:
- Atmospheric Chemistry
- Environmental Science
- Combustion Emissions
Background:
- Intermediate-volatility organic compounds (IVOCs) are key precursors to secondary organic aerosol (SOA).
- Nonroad construction machineries (NRCMs) are prevalent in urban environments, but their IVOC emissions are not well quantified.
- Understanding IVOC emissions is crucial for accurate SOA formation modeling.
Purpose of the Study:
- To characterize IVOC emissions from NRCMs.
- To compare IVOC emission factors across different operation modes.
- To assess the SOA production potential of NRCM-emitted IVOCs.
Main Methods:
- Utilized an improved portable emission measurement system to quantify IVOCs from road rollers and motor graders.
- Analyzed IVOC composition, identifying unspeciated b-alkanes and cyclic compounds as major components.
- Performed SOA production potential analysis.
Main Results:
- Fuel-based IVOC emission factors (EFs) ranged from 245.85 to 1802.19 mg/kg·fuel, comparable to other diesel sources.
- Idling mode exhibited 1.24–3.28 times higher IVOC EFs than moving/working modes.
- Unspeciated compounds constituted approximately 91% of total IVOCs, and IVOCs dominated SOA formation potential.
Conclusions:
- NRCMs are a significant, previously underestimated source of IVOC emissions.
- IVOC emissions from NRCMs, particularly during idling, substantially contribute to SOA formation in urban atmospheres.
- Accurate assessment of NRCM IVOC emissions is vital for urban air quality management and SOA modeling.
More Related Videos
Related Concept Videos
01:20Internal Combustion Engine
2.4K
The internal combustion engine is a heat engine that uses the byproducts of combustion as the working fluid instead of using a heat transfer medium to transfer heat. The combustion is done in a way that produces high-pressure combustion products that can be expanded through a turbine or piston to create work. Internal combustion engines can again be categorized into three kinds: (1) spark ignition gasoline engines, most commonly used in automobiles, (2) compression ignition diesel engines that...
2.4K
01:14Mechanical Efficiency of Real Machines
1.2K
The mechanical efficiency of a machine is a fundamental concept that describes how effectively a machine can convert input work into output work. According to this concept, the efficiency of a machine is equal to the ratio of the output work to the input work. An ideal machine, meaning a machine that has no energy losses, has an efficiency of one. This implies that the input work and the output work are equal.
However, in reality, no machine can be truly ideal, and all of them experience some...
However, in reality, no machine can be truly ideal, and all of them experience some...
1.2K
02:14Combustion Energy: A Measure of Stability in Alkanes and Cycloalkanes
7.6K
The low reactivity in alkanes can be attributed to the non-polar nature of C–C and C–H σ bonds. Alkanes, therefore, were initially termed as “paraffins,” derived from the Latin words: parum, meaning “too little,” and affinis, meaning “affinity.”
Alkanes undergo combustion in the presence of excess oxygen and high-temperature conditions to give carbon dioxide and water. A combustion reaction is the energy source in natural gas, liquified...
Alkanes undergo combustion in the presence of excess oxygen and high-temperature conditions to give carbon dioxide and water. A combustion reaction is the energy source in natural gas, liquified...
7.6K
01:19Turnover Number and Catalytic Efficiency
19.8K
The turnover number of an enzyme is the maximum number of substrate molecules it can transform per unit time. Turnover numbers for most enzymes range from 1 to 1000 molecules per second. Catalase has the known highest turnover number, capable of converting up to 2.8×106 molecules of hydrogen peroxide into water and oxygen per second. Lysozyme has the lowest known turnover number of half a molecule per second.
Chymotrypsin is a pancreatic enzyme that breaks down proteins during digestion....
Chymotrypsin is a pancreatic enzyme that breaks down proteins during digestion....
19.8K
01:23Measurement of Air Content in Concrete
550
Air content measurement in concrete is critical for ensuring structural integrity and durability of concrete structures, especially in environments prone to severe weather conditions. Accurate air content analysis optimizes concrete's resistance to freeze-thaw cycles and enhances its workability and strength. Several methods are standardized under ASTM guidelines to measure the air content in fresh concrete, each suitable for different concrete types and conditions.
The pressure method,...
The pressure method,...
550
01:10Volatilization
4.5K
Volatilization gravimetry is an analytical technique that measures the mass lost due to the volatilization of the substance. This technique is used to estimate the amount of volatile material in a sample. To perform this method, heat a known amount of the sample to a high temperature in a crucible or other suitable vessel. The volatile substance in the sample evaporates, and the vapor is completely expelled from the crucible either by heating the sample or bubbling a stream of inert gas through...
4.5K