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Thyroid dysfunction did not correlate with body mass index (BMI) at baseline. However, normalizing thyroid hormone levels significantly altered patient weight, though most remained overweight.

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Area of Science:

  • Endocrinology
  • Metabolic Health

Background:

  • Thyroid dysfunction is often linked to weight changes, with hypothyroidism associated with obesity and hyperthyroidism with being underweight.
  • Limited research has comprehensively evaluated these associations, especially concerning body mass index (BMI) changes after treatment.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the relationship between thyroid dysfunction and BMI in patients before and after achieving euthyroidism.
  • To assess how normalizing thyroid hormone levels impacts patient weight and BMI.

Main Methods:

  • A retrospective observational study was conducted on patients referred for thyroid dysfunction evaluation.
  • Data on BMI and thyroid hormone levels were collected at baseline and after 12 months of normalized thyroid function.
  • A final cohort of 34 patients (17 hypothyroid, 17 hyperthyroid) was analyzed after exclusions.

Main Results:

  • No significant difference in mean baseline BMI was found between hypothyroid and hyperthyroid patients.
  • Following treatment and normalization of thyroid levels, hypothyroid patients lost weight, and hyperthyroid patients gained weight.
  • Despite weight changes, the majority of patients in both groups remained within the overweight or obese BMI ranges post-treatment.

Conclusions:

  • Untreated thyroid dysfunction does not appear to be significantly associated with BMI.
  • Normalization of thyroid hormone levels leads to significant weight adjustments in patients with hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism.
  • Most patients continue to be classified as overweight or obese even after achieving euthyroid status.