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Related Concept Videos

Papillary Dermis01:11

Papillary Dermis

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Dermis
The dermis might be considered the "core" of the integumentary system, as distinct from the epidermis and hypodermis. It contains blood and lymph vessels, nerves, and other structures, such as hair follicles and sweat glands. The dermis is made of two layers of connective tissue that comprise an interconnected mesh of elastin and collagenous fibers, produced by fibroblasts.
Papillary Layer
The papillary layer is made of loose, areolar connective tissue, which means the collagen...
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Accessory Structures of the Skin: Hair and Hair Follicles01:16

Accessory Structures of the Skin: Hair and Hair Follicles

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Hair and hair follicles are integral components of the integumentary system. Hair is a filamentous structure composed mainly of a protein called keratin. It is found on the surface of the skin throughout the body, except for areas such as the palms of the hands and soles of the feet.
Hair is a keratinous filament growing out of the epidermis. It is primarily made of dead, keratinized cells. Hair strands originate at the epidermal penetration called the hair follicle. The hair shaft is the part...
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Cells of the Epidermis01:24

Cells of the Epidermis

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The epidermis is made of four or five layers of epithelial cells, depending on its location in the body. From deep to superficial, these layers are the stratum basale, stratum spinosum, stratum granulosum, stratum lucidum, and stratum corneum.
The cells in all these layers except the stratum basale are called keratinocytes, a type of cell that manufactures and stores the protein keratin. The keratinocytes in the stratum corneum are dead and regularly slough away, being replaced by cells from...
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Reticular Dermis01:15

Reticular Dermis

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The papillary and reticular dermis are the two layers of the dermis. They are made of connective tissue with fibers of collagen extending from one to the other, making the border between the two somewhat indistinct. The dermal papillae extending into the epidermis belong to the papillary layer, whereas the dense collagen fiber bundles below belong to the reticular layer.
Reticular Layer
Underlying the papillary layer is the much thicker reticular layer, composed of dense, irregular connective...
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Accessory Structures of the Skin: Sebaceous Glands01:21

Accessory Structures of the Skin: Sebaceous Glands

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A sebaceous gland is a type of oil gland found almost all over the skin ( except palms and soles) and helps lubricate and waterproof the skin and hair. Most sebaceous glands are associated with hair follicles. They generate and excrete sebum, a mixture of lipids, onto the skin surface, thereby naturally lubricating the dry and dead layer of keratinized cells of the stratum corneum, keeping it pliable.
These glands that produce the oils on the skin and hair are holocrine glands. The mature...
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Renewal of Skin Epidermal Stem Cells01:12

Renewal of Skin Epidermal Stem Cells

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The skin is divided into epidermis, dermis, and hypodermis, the skin's outermost, middle, and inner layers. The human epidermal layer regularly undergoes renewal, where old, dead cells are replaced by new cells. Epidermal stem cells or EpiSCs divide and differentiate to restore the lost cells. For the renewal process, some EpiSCs continuously self-renew. In contrast, few others differentiate into transit-amplifying cells, which later form prickle or spinous cells, followed by granular...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 4, 2026

Generation of Integration-free Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells Using Hair-derived Keratinocytes
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Generation of Integration-free Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells Using Hair-derived Keratinocytes

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[Keratosis pilaris].

Fatima-Zahra Agharbi1

  • 1Hôpital Civil Tétouan, Tétouan, Maroc.

The Pan African Medical Journal
|November 7, 2019
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Keratosis pilaris is a common genetic skin condition causing small, rough bumps. While treatments like emollients offer only temporary relief, this case highlights its persistent nature.

Keywords:
Keratosisatopykeratolyticspilaris

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Area of Science:

  • Dermatology
  • Genetics

Context:

  • Keratosis pilaris (KP) is a prevalent follicular keratosis.
  • It presents as small, hyperkeratotic papules, primarily affecting the arms, thighs, and buttocks.
  • KP is a genetic disorder, often associated with other hereditary conditions like Noonan syndrome.

Purpose:

  • To describe a case of keratosis pilaris in a 30-year-old woman.
  • To evaluate the efficacy of standard treatments for this condition.

Summary:

  • The patient presented with diffuse keratotic papules on the trunk, with a personal and family history of atopy.
  • Physical examination revealed no other genetic abnormalities.
  • Treatment with emollients and keratolytics resulted in only slight improvement, underscoring the limited efficacy of current therapies.

Impact:

  • This case illustrates the typical presentation and limited treatment response in keratosis pilaris.
  • It emphasizes the need for further research into more effective therapeutic strategies for this common skin condition.