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Circulating Metabolites Originating from Gut Microbiota Control Endothelial Cell Function.

Amedeo Amedei1, Lucia Morbidelli2

  • 1Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Viale Pieraccini 6, 50134 Florence, Italy.

Molecules (Basel, Switzerland)
|November 8, 2019
PubMed
Summary

Gut microbiota influences cardiovascular health by producing metabolites that affect endothelial cells. Dysbiosis can lead to cardiovascular diseases, highlighting microbial metabolites as therapeutic targets.

Keywords:
cardiovascular diseasesendothelial cellendothelial dysfunctiongut microbiotahypertensioninflammationmetabolitenitric oxidepolyphenolsreactive oxygen species

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Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular biology and microbiology
  • Endothelial cell function and dysfunction
  • Gut microbiota and host health interactions

Background:

  • Endothelial cell health is crucial for cardiovascular function and disease progression.
  • Endothelial dysfunction is linked to various environmental, pharmacological, and physiological factors.
  • Gut microbiota and its metabolites are increasingly recognized for their role in systemic diseases, including cardiovascular pathologies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the mechanisms by which gut microbiota influences endothelial cell function.
  • To identify circulating factors produced by gut microbes or derived from dietary compounds that impact vascular health.
  • To highlight potential therapeutic targets for cardiovascular diseases related to gut microbiota-endothelial interactions.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review focusing on studies investigating gut microbiota, its metabolites, and endothelial cell function.
  • Analysis of identified circulating factors, including microbial metabolites and polyphenol derivatives.
  • Synthesis of current knowledge on the interplay between gut microbiota, metabolites, and cardiovascular health.

Main Results:

  • Gut microbiota produces various metabolites that directly affect endothelial cell viability, function, and angiogenesis.
  • Dysbiosis can disrupt the balance of these metabolites, contributing to endothelial dysfunction and cardiovascular disease.
  • Circulating factors, including microbial-derived metabolites and products of dietary polyphenol metabolism, are key mediators.

Conclusions:

  • The gut microbiota plays a significant role in maintaining endothelial health and preventing cardiovascular diseases.
  • Imbalances in microbial metabolites represent a promising therapeutic target for managing endothelial dysfunction.
  • Further research into gut microbiota-derived factors is essential for developing novel cardiovascular interventions.