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Mass Spectrometry: A Guide for the Clinician
Munirah Alsaleh1, Thomas A Barbera1, Ross H Andrews1,2
1Division of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, London, W2 INY, United Kingdom.
Journal of Clinical and Experimental Hepatology
|November 8, 2019
Summary
Metabolic profiling uses spectroscopy, like mass spectrometry (MS), to analyze metabolites in biological samples. This technique aids in understanding disease and discovering biomarkers by examining dynamic metabolic changes.
Area of Science:
- Biochemistry
- Analytical Chemistry
- Systems Biology
Background:
- Metabolomics, emerged in the late 1990s, is a key 'omics' technology.
- It involves analyzing the complete set of small molecule metabolites within a biological system.
- Metabolomics provides insights into biological processes and disease states.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the fundamentals of mass spectrometry (MS) for clinicians.
- To enhance understanding of metabolic profiling techniques.
- To enable clinicians to ask informed scientific questions in metabolomics.
Main Methods:
- Utilizes spectroscopic analytical platforms, primarily nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy and mass spectrometry (MS).
- Involves the detection, quantification, and characterization of metabolites in various biological samples.
- Employs chemometric and pattern recognition techniques for data analysis and interpretation.
Main Results:
- Metabolic profiling generates extensive, multivariate spectroscopic data.
- Data analysis facilitates sample classification and biomarker discovery.
- Enables the study of dynamic metabolic changes in response to various conditions.
Conclusions:
- Metabolomics offers a powerful approach to understanding biological systems.
- Mass spectrometry is a crucial tool in metabolic profiling.
- Clinician literacy in MS is vital for advancing metabolomics research and application.
Keywords:
CID, collision-induced dissociationDC, direct currentESI, electrospray ionisationFC, fold changeGC, gas chromatographyHILIC, hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatographyLC, liquid chromatographyMS, mass spectrometryMWA, metabolome-wide associationNMR, nuclear magnetic resonanceOPLS-DA, orthogonal partial least squared-discriminant analysisPC, principal componentPCA, principal components analysisQ-TOF, quadrupole coupled with time-of-flightRF, radio frequencyRP, reversed-phaseUPLC, ultra-performance liquid chromatographyVIP, variable importance of projectionmass spectroscopymass-charge ratiometabolic profilingmetabolomicstargeted profilingMore Related Videos
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