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Related Concept Videos

Pulmonary Tuberculosis I01:29

Pulmonary Tuberculosis I

Tuberculosis, often called TB, is a contagious illness primarily caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. It mainly affects the lung parenchyma but can also impact other body parts.
Causative Organism
The primary infectious agent causing tuberculosis is Mycobacterium tuberculosis, a slow-growing, acid-fast, aerobic rod that exhibits sensitivity to heat and ultraviolet light. Instances of Mycobacterium bovis and Mycobacterium avium contributing to the development of TB infection are rare.
Mode of...
Pulmonary Tuberculosis II01:28

Pulmonary Tuberculosis II

Tuberculosis, or TB, is a bacterial infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. While its primary impact is on the lungs, leading to pulmonary tuberculosis, it can also affect various other organs, a condition referred to as extrapulmonary tuberculosis.
Here is a detailed explanation of its pathophysiology:
Transmission: The process begins when a person inhales droplet nuclei containing M. tuberculosis. These are typically released into the air when an individual with pulmonary or...
Pulmonary Tuberculosis III01:31

Pulmonary Tuberculosis III

Tuberculosis (TB) is a contagious infection primarily affecting the lung parenchyma but which can also affect other body parts. TB can be classified based on disease development, presentation, and the affected anatomical site.
The first classification is based on the development of the disease, and it includes the following categories:
Pulmonary Tuberculosis IV01:26

Pulmonary Tuberculosis IV

Tuberculosis, more commonly referred to as TB, is an infectious disease stemming from Mycobacterium tuberculosis. While it primarily impacts the lungs, TB can also affect other body areas. Given its severity and global impact, timely and accurate diagnosis is crucial for controlling its spread and improving patient outcomes.
Several diagnostic approaches are used to detect TB. The conventional method is the Tuberculin Skin Test (TST), also known as the Mantoux test. However, this method has...
Pulmonary Tuberculosis V01:28

Pulmonary Tuberculosis V

Medical management of tuberculosis (TB) patients involves a comprehensive approach that includes diagnosis, treatment, and monitoring. The specific strategies can vary depending on the type of tuberculosis (latent or active), the patient's overall health status, and other considerations.
Latent tuberculosis infection occurs when TB bacteria are present in a person's body, but are not causing illness or symptoms. It is not contagious, and preventive treatment is crucial to avoid the progression...
Tuberculosis01:23

Tuberculosis

Tuberculosis (TB) remains a significant global health concern, primarily targeting the lungs and spreading through airborne transmission. Infection begins when aerosolized droplet nuclei, expelled by an individual with active TB, are inhaled by another person. These microscopic particles carry Mycobacterium tuberculosis, the causative agent of TB. Upon reaching the alveoli, the bacilli are engulfed by alveolar macrophages. However, due to their specialized lipid-rich cell wall, these pathogens...

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Multidrug-Resistant Tuberculosis In A Referral Center In Rome: 2011- 2016.

A Cannas1, O Butera1, G Gualano2

  • 1Microbiology and Bio-Repository Unit, National Institute for Infectious Diseases "L. Spallanzani" IRCCS, Rome, Italy.

Infection and Drug Resistance
|November 8, 2019
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) primarily affects individuals from Eastern Europe in Rome, with a 5.5% incidence. Long-term residents and recent immigrants do not significantly contribute to MDR-TB rates in this European region.

Keywords:
MDR-TBXDR-TBdrug-susceptibility testingtuberculosis

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Area of Science:

  • Public Health
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Tuberculosis Research

Background:

  • Multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) poses a significant public health challenge, particularly in low-incidence European countries.
  • Understanding regional trends is crucial for effective surveillance and control strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate MDR-TB trends in Rome, Italy, differentiating between native-born and foreign-born populations.
  • To analyze microbiological and demographic data to identify risk factors and origins of MDR-TB.

Main Methods:

  • Prospective study analyzing phenotypic drug-resistance testing (DST) of TB strains from 2011-2016.
  • Correlation of TB strain resistance patterns with patient geographical origin in a referral hospital setting.

Main Results:

  • A 5.5% MDR-TB rate was observed among 926 TB patients.
  • MDR-TB was predominantly found in patients originating from a single Eastern European country with high MDR-TB incidence.
  • These strains often exhibited additional resistances, increasing the risk of extensively drug-resistant (XDR) TB.

Conclusions:

  • MDR-TB in metropolitan Rome is primarily linked to individuals from specific Eastern European countries with high MDR-TB rates.
  • Recent non-European immigrants do not appear to be a significant factor in current MDR-TB rates in this area.
  • Local trend data can enhance TB surveillance and prevention measures in low-incidence settings.