Theranostics in immuno-oncology using nanobody derivatives

Area of Science:

• Oncology
• Nanotechnology
• Precision Medicine

Background:

• Targeted therapy and immunotherapy are key cancer treatments, but benefit limited patient subsets and can cause side effects.
• Theranostics offer a precision oncology approach for patient selection, treatment, and monitoring.
• Nanobodies are gaining interest due to their antigen specificity, small size, and engineering flexibility.

Purpose of the Study:

• To provide a comprehensive overview of nanobody-based theranostics.
• To highlight the importance of nanobodies in personalized cancer medicine.

Main Methods:

• Review of current literature on nanobody applications in theranostics.
• Analysis of nanobody characteristics relevant to cancer imaging and therapy.
• Discussion of nanobody-directed therapeutics targeting tumor cells and the tumor microenvironment.

Main Results:

• Nanobodies facilitate specific imaging and targeted therapy design.
• Their properties allow for precise targeting of antigens on tumor cells, immune cells, and stromal proteins.
• Nanobodies are crucial for developing advanced theranostic platforms.

Conclusions:

• Nanobodies are pivotal in the advancement of theranostics for personalized cancer treatment.
• Their unique attributes support the development of tailored diagnostic and therapeutic strategies.
• Nanobody-based theranostics represent a significant step forward in precision oncology.