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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 4, 2026

Assessing Early Stage Open-Angle Glaucoma in Patients by Isolated-Check Visual Evoked Potential
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Relationship between pattern electroretinogram and optic disc morphology in glaucoma.

Soo Ji Jeon1, Hae-Young Lopilly Park1, Kyoung In Jung1

  • 1Department of Ophthalmology, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea.

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Summary

Pattern electroretinogram (PERG) detects ganglion cell dysfunction earlier than standard visual field tests in glaucoma suspects. PERG also correlates with optic disc structure in early glaucoma detection.

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Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Neuroscience
  • Medical Imaging

Background:

  • Glaucoma is a progressive optic neuropathy characterized by damage to the retinal ganglion cells and visual field loss.
  • Early detection of glaucoma is crucial to prevent irreversible vision impairment.
  • Pattern electroretinogram (PERG) assesses the function of the inner retina, including ganglion cells, while optic disc morphology provides structural information.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the relationship between pattern electroretinogram (PERG) and optic disc morphology in individuals with glaucoma suspect and manifest glaucoma.
  • To determine if PERG can detect early signs of ganglion cell dysfunction preceding structural changes or visual field defects.

Main Methods:

  • Eighty-six eyes of glaucoma suspects and 145 eyes of glaucoma patients were studied.
  • Spectral-domain optical coherence tomography measured peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thickness.
  • Heidelberg Retinal Tomograph (HRT) assessed optic disc structure. Visual function was evaluated using perimetry and PERG.

Main Results:

  • PERG abnormalities were detected earlier than perimetry changes in relation to RNFL thickness decrease.
  • In glaucoma suspects, PERG amplitudes showed significant correlations with HRT parameters like cup shape measure (CSM) and cup-disc ratio (CDR).
  • In glaucoma patients, mean RNFL thickness was significantly associated with PERG amplitudes (P50 and N95).

Conclusions:

  • PERG deterioration precedes visual field defects in the context of RNFL thinning, indicating its sensitivity to early functional loss.
  • PERG amplitudes are significantly correlated with optic disc morphology in glaucoma suspects, suggesting its utility in early glaucoma detection.
  • These findings indicate that PERG can identify ganglion cell dysfunction before irreversible cell death occurs, aiding in early glaucoma diagnosis and management.