A Review of Chipless Remote Sensing Solutions Based on RFID Technology

Chipless Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) has been used in a variety of remote sensing applications and is currently a hot research topic. To date, there have been a large number of chipless RFID tags developed in both academia and in industry that boast a large variation in design characteristics. This review paper sets out to discuss the various design aspects needed in a chipless RFID sensor. Such aspects include: (1) Addressing strategies to allow for unique identification of the tag, (2) Sensing mechanisms used to allow for impedance-based response signal modulation and (3) Sensing materials to introduce the desired impedance change when under the influence of the target stimulus. From the tabular comparison of the various sensing and addressing techniques, it is concluded that although many sensors provide adequate performance characteristics, more work is needed to ensure that this technology is capable/robust enough to operate in many of the applications it has been earmarked for.