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Related Concept Videos

Protein Diffusion in the Membrane01:24

Protein Diffusion in the Membrane

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Proteins show rotational as well as lateral diffusion across the membrane. The lateral diffusion of proteins was confirmed through the cell fusion experiment where mouse and human cells were fused, resulting in hybrid cells. When the human and mouse cells fused, the specific membrane proteins on human and mouse cells were marked with the red and green-fluorescent markers, respectively. Initially, the red and green fluorescence was located on the respective hemisphere of the cell. As time...
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Aquaporins01:25

Aquaporins

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Aquaporins or AQPs are a family of integral membrane proteins whose primary function is to transport water, while some called aquaglyceroporins also transport glycerol. In addition, aquaporins have also been suspected to be involved in transporting volatile substances, such as carbon dioxide and ammonia, across membranes. Such AQPs that act as gas channels are often highly expressed in cells involved in the gaseous exchange, such as red blood cells, epithelial cells, and pulmonary capillaries.
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Capillarity in Fluid01:19

Capillarity in Fluid

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Capillarity describes the movement of liquid in small spaces without external forces acting on it. The capillarity is driven by surface tension and adhesive interactions between the liquid and surrounding solid surfaces. This effect is often seen in narrow tubes, porous materials, and fine particles.
Surface tension is crucial to capillarity. It results from cohesive forces between liquid molecules at the liquid-air boundary, forming a skin that resists external forces. When the capillary tube...
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Osmosis01:30

Osmosis

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Osmosis is the movement of free water molecules through a semipermeable membrane.  The water's concentration gradient across the membrane is inversely proportional to the solutes' concentration. Whereas diffusion transports material across membranes and within cells, osmosis transports only water across a membrane, and the membrane limits the diffusion of solutes in the water. Osmosis is a special case of diffusion.
Water, like other substances, moves from a high concentration of...
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Xylem and Transpiration-driven Transport of Resources02:03

Xylem and Transpiration-driven Transport of Resources

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The xylem of vascular plants distributes water and dissolved minerals that are taken up by the roots to the rest of the plant. The cells that transport xylem sap are dead upon maturity, and the movement of xylem sap is a passive process.
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Surface Tension of Fluid01:22

Surface Tension of Fluid

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Surface tension is a fundamental property of fluids, occurring at the boundary between a liquid and a gas or between two immiscible liquids. This phenomenon arises from the cohesive forces between molecules at the fluid's surface, creating an effect similar to a stretched elastic membrane. Inside each fluid, molecules are equally attracted in all directions by neighboring molecules, but surface molecules experience a net inward force, resulting in surface tension.
Surface tension varies...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 4, 2026

Proof-of-Concept for Gas-Entrapping Membranes Derived from Water-Loving SiO2/Si/SiO2 Wafers for Green Desalination
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Proof-of-Concept for Gas-Entrapping Membranes Derived from Water-Loving SiO2/Si/SiO2 Wafers for Green Desalination

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Water Diffusion in Wiggling Graphene Membranes.

Wei Cao, Jin Wang, Ming Ma

    The Journal of Physical Chemistry Letters
    |November 9, 2019
    PubMed
    Summary

    Water diffusion in nanopores is enhanced by pore wall vibrations. This study reveals that graphene nanochannels

    Area of Science:

    • Surface science
    • Nanotechnology
    • Materials science

    Background:

    • Water diffusion in nanopores is crucial for many applications.
    • Coupling between pore wall vibration and water movement enhances diffusion.
    • The effect on graphene oxide membranes requires further investigation.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To explore the coupling between water diffusion and thermal fluctuations in graphene nanochannels.
    • To understand the temperature-dependent behavior of water diffusion in nanopores.
    • To extend the findings to other layered materials like hBN and MoS2.

    Main Methods:

    • Molecular dynamics simulations were employed.
    • The study focused on graphene nanochannels.
    • The mechanism was investigated across different temperatures.

    More Related Videos

    Preparation of Graphene-Supported Microwell Liquid Cells for In Situ Transmission Electron Microscopy
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    Using Graphene Liquid Cell Transmission Electron Microscopy to Study in Situ Nanocrystal Etching
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    Related Experiment Videos

    Last Updated: Jan 4, 2026

    Proof-of-Concept for Gas-Entrapping Membranes Derived from Water-Loving SiO2/Si/SiO2 Wafers for Green Desalination
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    Proof-of-Concept for Gas-Entrapping Membranes Derived from Water-Loving SiO2/Si/SiO2 Wafers for Green Desalination

    Published on: March 1, 2020

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    Preparation of Graphene-Supported Microwell Liquid Cells for In Situ Transmission Electron Microscopy
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    Using Graphene Liquid Cell Transmission Electron Microscopy to Study in Situ Nanocrystal Etching
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    Main Results:

    • Water diffusion shows an approximately linear dependence on temperature.
    • Wiggling nanopores enhance diffusion at low temperatures but inhibit it at high temperatures.
    • This phenomenon is applicable to hexagonal boron nitride (hBN) and molybdenum disulfide (MoS2).

    Conclusions:

    • The coupling mechanism offers a way to tune surface diffusion.
    • Thermal operation or mechanical activation can control diffusion.
    • This advances the application of 2D materials in membrane separations.