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Technique for Intranasal Administration of α-Synuclein Aggregates
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Can infections trigger alpha-synucleinopathies?

Christopher T Tulisiak1, Gabriela Mercado1, Wouter Peelaerts2

  • 1Center for Neurodegenerative Sciences, Van Andel Research Institute, Grand Rapids, MI, United States.

Progress in Molecular Biology and Translational Science
|November 9, 2019
PubMed
Summary

Peripheral infections may trigger Parkinson's disease (PD) and multiple system atrophy (MSA) by promoting the spread of alpha-synuclein (αSyn). This research explores the link between infections and these neurodegenerative diseases.

Keywords:
Alpha-synucleinAntimicrobial peptidesBacteriaFacilitatorsFungiInfectionsMultiple system atrophyParkinson's diseaseTriggersViruses

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Parkinson's disease (PD) and multiple system atrophy (MSA) are synucleinopathies characterized by alpha-synuclein (αSyn) aggregation in the brain.
  • Emerging evidence suggests alpha-synuclein (αSyn) may function as an antimicrobial peptide in response to peripheral infections.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To examine epidemiological and experimental evidence linking peripheral microbial infections to the initiation of alpha-synucleinopathies.
  • To propose a model for how peripheral infections may trigger the transfer and propagation of pathogenic αSyn strains to the brain.

Main Methods:

  • Review of epidemiological data connecting peripheral infections with PD and MSA.
  • Analysis of experimental studies investigating the role of αSyn in response to infections.
  • Development of a conceptual model for infection-induced synucleinopathy.

Main Results:

  • Evidence supports a role for peripheral infections in triggering alpha-synucleinopathies.
  • A model is proposed where infectious agents, combined with other factors, facilitate αSyn transfer from periphery to brain.
  • Pathogenic αSyn strains propagate and spread within the brain following peripheral triggers.

Conclusions:

  • Peripheral microbial infections are a potential trigger for Parkinson's disease and multiple system atrophy.
  • Understanding this link is crucial for developing preventative strategies against these neurodegenerative diseases.
  • Further research is needed to fully elucidate the role of infections in synucleinopathies.