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Related Concept Videos

Epilepsy and Seizures: Overview01:24

Epilepsy and Seizures: Overview

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Epilepsy is a chronic neurological disease marked by recurrent, unpredictable seizures. These seizures are caused by abnormal electrical discharges in the brain, leading to behavior, sensation, or consciousness alterations. They can also cause transient impairment of awareness, interfering with daily activities.
Various factors can trigger epilepsy, including genetic factors, brain damage, metabolic causes, and unknown etiology. Diagnosis of epilepsy involves electroencephalography (EEG), which...
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Psychosurgery01:30

Psychosurgery

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Psychosurgery, the surgical alteration or permanent removal of brain tissue to alleviate severe psychological conditions, stands as one of the most radical and controversial treatments in the history of mental health care. Its development and application have evolved significantly, marked by dramatic shifts in scientific understanding and ethical perspectives.
Historical Development of Psychosurgery
In the 1930s, Portuguese neurologist Antonio Egas Moniz introduced a surgical procedure designed...
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Electroconvulsive Therapy01:30

Electroconvulsive Therapy

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Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT), or shock therapy, remains a critical biomedical intervention for severe, treatment-resistant depression. While its origins can be traced back to Hippocrates' observations that malaria-induced convulsions alleviated mental illness, modern ECT has evolved significantly from its earlier, more primitive applications. First introduced in 1938 by Ugo Cerletti and his colleagues, ECT involves inducing controlled seizures using electrical currents. In its early...
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Seizures: Classification01:13

Seizures: Classification

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Epilepsy is primarily characterized by unpredictable seizures, either provoked by an identifiable factor, such as injury or illness, or unprovoked, occurring spontaneously without apparent cause.
Seizures are typically classified into two main categories: focal and generalized seizures.
Focal Seizures
Focal seizures originate from specific regions of the brain. These seizures are further sub-classified into two types:
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 4, 2026

Author Spotlight: Advancing Pediatric Epilepsy Surgery in Children Through Novel Biomarkers and Enhanced Localization
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Author Spotlight: Advancing Pediatric Epilepsy Surgery in Children Through Novel Biomarkers and Enhanced Localization

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Presurgical epilepsy evaluation and epilepsy surgery.

Christoph Baumgartner1,2,3, Johannes P Koren1,2, Martha Britto-Arias1,2

  • 1Department of Neurology, General Hospital Hietzing with Neurological Center Rosenhügel, Vienna, Austria.

F1000Research
|November 9, 2019
PubMed
Summary

Epilepsy surgery offers a treatment option for drug-resistant epilepsy. Advances in neuroimaging and surgical techniques improve outcomes and expand eligibility for epilepsy surgery patients.

Keywords:
epilepsypresurgical evaluationsurgery

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A Pipeline for 3D Multimodality Image Integration and Computer-assisted Planning in Epilepsy Surgery
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Stereo-Electro-Encephalo-Graphy SEEG With Robotic Assistance in the Presurgical Evaluation of Medical Refractory Epilepsy: A Technical Note
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Stereo-Electro-Encephalo-Graphy SEEG With Robotic Assistance in the Presurgical Evaluation of Medical Refractory Epilepsy: A Technical Note

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Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Neurosurgery
  • Epileptology

Background:

  • Epilepsy affects 0.8-1.2% of the population, with 30-40% experiencing drug-resistant seizures.
  • Epilepsy surgery is a viable option for 10-50% of drug-resistant epilepsy patients.
  • Surgical goals include seizure control and preservation of neurological function.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review advancements in presurgical evaluation and surgical techniques for epilepsy.
  • To highlight the impact of new technologies on patient selection and surgical outcomes.
  • To discuss emerging less-invasive surgical options for epilepsy.

Main Methods:

  • Review of recent developments in neurophysiological techniques (e.g., high-density EEG, MEG, source imaging, EEG-fMRI).
  • Evaluation of advanced structural and functional neuroimaging modalities (e.g., 7T MRI, PET, SPECT, fMRI).
  • Analysis of technical improvements in resective and novel less-invasive surgical procedures.

Main Results:

  • Improved non-invasive presurgical evaluations have expanded surgical candidacy.
  • Advanced imaging and neurophysiology enhance the identification of epileptogenic zones.
  • Technical progress enables safer surgeries in critical brain areas and introduces less-invasive options.

Conclusions:

  • Modern diagnostic tools significantly improve presurgical evaluation for epilepsy surgery.
  • Novel surgical techniques, including less-invasive methods, offer new hope for previously untreatable epilepsy.
  • Continued innovation in neuroimaging and surgical technology is crucial for advancing epilepsy care.