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A Neonatal Imaging Model of Gram-Negative Bacterial Sepsis
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Sepsis-induced Hyperleukocytosis in a Preterm.
Emad U Alatassi1, Marah Sukkar2, Fadi N Garrada3
1Vascular Surgery, Al Noor Specialist Hospital, Makkah, SAU.
Cureus
|November 9, 2019
Summary
Sepsis can cause a dangerous increase in white blood cells (WBC), known as hyperleukocytosis, in newborns. Prompt antibiotic treatment for infection-induced hyperleukocytosis in premature infants can lead to recovery.
Area of Science:
- Neonatal Medicine
- Pediatric Hematology
- Infectious Diseases
Background:
- Hyperleukocytosis, defined as a white blood cell (WBC) count ≥ 100,000/µL, can lead to leukostasis, a medical emergency.
- While commonly associated with leukemia in pediatric practice, other causes like infection are less frequently highlighted.
Observation:
- A case report details a one-day-old, preterm male infant (26 weeks gestation) admitted for preterm care.
- The infant presented with symptoms suggestive of hyperleukocytosis.
Findings:
- A diagnosis of sepsis-induced leukemoid reaction hyperleukocytosis was presumed.
- The infant received empirical antibiotic therapy.
Implications:
- Successful treatment with antibiotics resulted in a gradual improvement of WBC counts.
- This case underscores the importance of considering infection as a potential cause of hyperleukocytosis in neonates.
- Early diagnosis and management of sepsis-induced hyperleukocytosis are crucial for favorable outcomes in premature infants.
