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Related Concept Videos

Mechanisms of Membrane Domain Formation00:59

Mechanisms of Membrane Domain Formation

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Different physical properties of lipids and proteins allow them to localize and form distinct islands or domains in the membrane. Some membrane domains are formed due to protein-protein interactions, whereas others are formed due to the presence of specific lipids such as sphingolipids and sterols—for example, large proteins, such as bacteriorhodopsin, aggregate and create distinct domains.
Another mechanism for membrane domain formation involves membrane proteins interacting with...
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Fluid Mosaic Model01:19

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Scientists identified the plasma membrane in the 1890s and its principal chemical components (lipids and proteins) by 1915. The model for plasma membrane structure, proposed in 1935 by Hugh Davson and James Danielli, was the first model to be widely accepted in the scientific community. The model was based on the plasma membrane's "railroad track" appearance in early electron micrographs. Davson and Danielli theorized that the plasma membrane's structure resembled a sandwich...
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Mechanisms of Membrane-bending01:15

Mechanisms of Membrane-bending

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The living membranes are flexible due to their fluid mosaic nature; however, their bending into different shapes is an active process regulated by specific lipids and proteins. The membrane bending can be transient as seen in vesicles or stable for a long time as in microvilli. Cells regulate the size, location, and duration of the membrane curvature.
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Membrane Fluidity01:26

Membrane Fluidity

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Membrane fluidity is explained by the fluid mosaic model of the cell membrane, which describes the plasma membrane structure as a mosaic of components—including phospholipids, cholesterol, proteins, and carbohydrates—that gives the membrane a fluid character.
Mosaic nature of the membrane
The mosaic characteristic of the membrane helps the plasma membrane remain fluid. The integral proteins and lipids exist as separate but loosely-attached molecules in the membrane. The membrane is...
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Membrane Fluidity01:23

Membrane Fluidity

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Cell membranes are composed of phospholipids, proteins, and carbohydrates loosely attached to one another through chemical interactions. Molecules are generally able to move about in the plane of the membrane, giving the membrane its flexible nature called fluidity. Two other features of the membrane contribute to membrane fluidity: the chemical structure of the phospholipids and the presence of cholesterol in the membrane.
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SNAREs and Membrane Fusion01:43

SNAREs and Membrane Fusion

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Once a transport vesicle has recognized its target organelle, the vesicular membrane needs to fuse with the target membrane to unload the cargo. Transmembrane proteins called SNAREs present on organelle membranes and their vesicles, mediate vesicle fusion.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 4, 2026

From Constructs to Crystals &#8211; Towards Structure Determination of &#946;-barrel Outer Membrane Proteins
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From Constructs to Crystals – Towards Structure Determination of β-barrel Outer Membrane Proteins

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Rotating Membrane Inclusions Crystallize Through Hydrodynamic and Steric Interactions.

Naomi Oppenheimer1, David B Stein1, Michael J Shelley1,2

  • 1Center for Computational Biology, Flatiron Institute, New York, New York 10010, USA.

Physical Review Letters
|November 9, 2019
PubMed
Summary

Rotating membrane inclusions crystallize when hydrodynamic and steric interactions combine. This unique interaction overcomes limitations of individual forces, leading to a stable crystal state through Hamiltonian-controlled annealing.

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Crystallization of Membrane Proteins in Lipidic Mesophases
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Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jan 4, 2026

From Constructs to Crystals &#8211; Towards Structure Determination of &#946;-barrel Outer Membrane Proteins
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Crystallization of Membrane Proteins in Lipidic Mesophases
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Crystallization of Membrane Proteins in Lipidic Mesophases

Published on: March 28, 2011

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High-throughput Crystallization of Membrane Proteins Using the Lipidic Bicelle Method
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High-throughput Crystallization of Membrane Proteins Using the Lipidic Bicelle Method

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Area of Science:

  • Fluid dynamics
  • Soft matter physics
  • Crystallization phenomena

Background:

  • Steric repulsion alone, even with thermal fluctuations, does not induce crystallization in unconfined particles.
  • Rotational hydrodynamic interactions alone result in only marginally stable lattice structures.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the crystallization of rotating membrane inclusions.
  • To elucidate the roles of combined hydrodynamic and steric interactions in particle self-assembly.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of combined hydrodynamic and steric interactions in rotating membrane systems.
  • Exploration of particle state exploration enabled by hydrodynamic interactions.
  • Application of Hamiltonian conservation principles to ensemble confinement.

Main Results:

  • Steric repulsion and thermal fluctuations are insufficient for crystallization.
  • Rotational hydrodynamic interactions yield only marginally stable lattices.
  • The combination of hydrodynamic interactions, Hamiltonian conservation, and steric repulsion leads to the annealing of a stable crystal state.

Conclusions:

  • Combined hydrodynamic and steric interactions are crucial for the crystallization of rotating membrane inclusions.
  • Hamiltonian conservation plays a key role in confining particle ensembles, facilitating crystal formation.
  • This study reveals a novel pathway to achieve stable crystal structures in confined systems.