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Forming, Confining, and Observing Microtubule-Based Active Nematics
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Topological Stabilization and Dynamics of Self-Propelling Nematic Shells.

Babak Vajdi Hokmabad1,2, Kyle A Baldwin1,3, Carsten Krüger1

  • 1Max Planck Institute for Dynamics and Self-Organization, Am Faßberg 17, 37077 Göttingen, Germany.

Physical Review Letters
|November 9, 2019
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

We stabilized self-propelling liquid shells using soft topological constraints, preventing rupture and enabling controlled motion. Anisotropic elasticity counterbalances viscous drag, allowing for dynamic control of these novel liquid-shell micromachines.

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Area of Science:

  • Soft matter physics
  • Microfluidics
  • Materials science

Background:

  • Liquid shells (e.g., vesicles) are prone to instability and rupture.
  • Designing stable, motile liquid-shell micromachines is challenging due to mechanical equilibrium issues.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop controllable, self-propelling liquid shells.
  • To stabilize these shells against interfacial instability and rupturing.
  • To understand and control their propulsion dynamics.

Main Methods:

  • Stabilization using soft topological constraints from a nematogen oil.
  • Experimental and simulation-based analysis of shell behavior.
  • Investigation of anisotropic elasticity and viscous drag effects.

Main Results:

  • Demonstrated stabilization of liquid shells via topological constraints.
  • Showed anisotropic elasticity counterbalances viscous drag, preventing rupture.
  • Identified meandering propulsion driven by broken symmetries.
  • Established routes for motion control through topology, chemical signaling, and hydrodynamics.

Conclusions:

  • Controllable self-propelling liquid shells can be designed using soft topological constraints.
  • Anisotropic elasticity is key to overcoming destabilizing forces and ensuring shell integrity.
  • Understanding symmetry breaking provides pathways for precise control of micromachine locomotion.