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Fall injuries among the elderly. Community-based surveillance.

C A DeVito1, D A Lambert, R W Sattin

  • 1Department of Family Medicine and Community Health, University of Miami, FL 33101.

Journal of the American Geriatrics Society
|November 1, 1988
PubMed
Summary

Falls are a major cause of injury in older adults. A community surveillance system in Miami Beach identified over 1,800 fall injuries, mostly accidental and occurring at home during the day, to inform prevention strategies.

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Area of Science:

  • Gerontology
  • Public Health
  • Epidemiology

Background:

  • Falls represent a significant public health concern, leading to fatal and nonfatal injuries in the elderly population.
  • Existing epidemiological studies have not sufficiently identified the causes or effective prevention methods for falls among seniors.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To establish a community-based surveillance system to assess fall injuries in the elderly.
  • To clarify the causes of falls in the elderly and identify/evaluate prevention strategies.

Main Methods:

  • A community-based surveillance system was implemented in Miami Beach, Florida.
  • Data on fall injury events were collected from July 1985 to June 1986.
  • Information was gathered from emergency rooms, fire rescue reports, inpatient records, and medical examiner reports.

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Main Results:

  • A total of 1,827 fall injury events were recorded.
  • Over 85% of individuals receiving care for falls were treated in emergency rooms.
  • Most falls (97%) were accidental, with 54% occurring in or around the home, often in bedrooms and bathrooms during daylight hours.

Conclusions:

  • The developed surveillance system provides valuable data for understanding elderly fall injuries.
  • This system can guide the development and evaluation of targeted fall prevention interventions.
  • The methodology can inform the design of other injury surveillance systems.